第二章 创建Bean的方法及Bean范围

Spring是怎么来实例化配置文件中配置的对象呢?

 

构造方法:

以水果为例子:

水果接口 public interface Fruit {      public void eat(); }   苹果实现类: public class Apple implements Fruit {      public void eat() {          System.out.println("吃苹果");      } }   配置文件: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">      <bean id="fruit" class="model.Apple" /> </beans>   Test类: public class Test {      public static void main(String[] args) {          ApplicationContext act = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");          Fruit fruit = (Fruit)act.getBean("fruit");          fruit.eat();      } }

这个时候我们可以看到可以成功运行, 接着我们修改苹果类:

public class Apple implements Fruit {      private String name;        public Apple(String name) {          super();          this.name = name;      }        public void eat() {          System.out.println("吃苹果");      } } 给苹果类添加了一个属性,和一个有参的构造方法,请再次运行Test文件,可以看到以下异常: Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'fruit' defined in class path resource [applicationContext.xml]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Could not instantiate bean class [model.Apple]: No default constructor found; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: model.Apple.<init>()

注意看: BeanCreationException 创建失败异常

No default constructor found:默认的构造没有找到

 

工厂方法: