目录
4.3 编写dispatcher-servlet.xml文件
1. 创建maven工程
选择maven -> 勾选create from archetype ->选择下图的选项
填写项目名称,项目路径等信息
选择maven安装路径
完成后,项目的默认目录结构为
缺少相关目录,需要自己添加
完成目录结构如下所示:
需要注意的是,右击新建文件夹的时候,得到的文件夹可能是灰色的,需要自己将其标志成idea可认识的类型,下面以java文件为例,其他的根据实际情况进行标志。
2. 添加依赖
打开pom.xml文件,添加如下依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>spring-demo Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<spring.version>5.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0-alpha1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.8.0-alpha0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- java EE相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 文件上传 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jackson相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis-Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql数据库连接 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.21</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>spring-demo</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
3. 添加Spring MVC框架
先把之前自动生成的给删了,file - > project structure
右击项目文件夹,选择Add Framework Support...
点击确定之后,在WEB-INF文件夹下面会自动生成连个文件:applicationContext.xml和dispatcher-servlet.xml,并且web.xml也生成自动添加了一些内容。
4. 编写一个Hello World
4.1 编写jsp文件
在webapp目录下,新建一个hello.jsp文件,添加如下内容:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello Spring</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello ${requestScope.message}</h1>
</body>
</html>
4.2 编写controller类
在java文件夹下新建一个包:com.demo.controller,新建一个java文件:HelloSpringController,添加如下内容
package com.demo.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloSpringController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String sayHello(Model model) {
model.addAttribute("message", "World");
return "hello";
}
}
4.3 编写dispatcher-servlet.xml文件
在webapp/WEB-INF目录下,给dispatcher-servlet.xml文件添加如下内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.controller"/>
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
4.4 编写wen.xml文件
这里需要注意:
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
4.5 添加tomcat环境
Run -> Edit Configurations
点击+号,选择Tomcat Servet -> Local
在Servet选项卡中,点击Configure添加本地的tomcat
切换Deployment选项卡,点击+号 -> Artifact
选择war deploded选项
将下面的Application context 改成 /
切回Server选项卡,可看到如下的内容,点击确定
4.6 运行
点击右上角绿色三角按钮启动tomcat
在浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/hello可得显示Hello World。
5. 整合MyBatis
5.1 新建配置文件
习惯上,我们喜欢把配置文件放到resources文件夹下,这里在resoureces文件夹下新建一个jdbc.properties文件用于存放数据库初始化数据,新建一个mybatis-config.xml用于配置MyBatis,新建一个log4j.properties用于配置输出日志。然后新建一个文件夹spring文件夹,在该文件夹下面新建三个文件:spring-dao.xml、spring-service.xml、spring-web.xml。新建一个mapper文件夹用于存放MyBatis的xml文件,最终目录结构如下:
5.2 修改web.xml文件
这里不再使用dispatcher-servlet.xml作为spring的配置文件,而是将其指定为resources下的spring文件夹中的spring-dao.xml、spring-service.xml、 spring-web.xml :
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
5.3 编写日志文件:log4j.properties
日志不是必须的,可有可无,但是喜欢上都会使用。这里使用的slf4j + log4j来输出日志,编写log4j.properties配置如下:
# 日记级别(单个级别) 文件/控制台
log4j.rootLogger=debug, stdout,file
# Redirect log messages to console
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%-5p] %c{1}:%L - %m%n
# Redirect log messages to a log file
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=/Users/xxx/Project/log/test.log
log4j.appender.file.MaxFileSize=5MB
log4j.appender.file.MaxBackupIndex=10
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%-5p] %c{1}:%L - %m%n
5.4 编写MyBatis配置文件
jdbc.properties添加如下内容:
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
mybatis-config.xml:
这里主要配置MyBatis的一些设置,根据需要,可以添加别的设置选项,我这里只添加了日志的设置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
</settings>
</configuration>
5.5 spring配置文件
spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 引入jdbc.properties配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
<!-- 数据库连接池-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性-->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30" />
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10" />
<!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit-->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false" />
<!-- 连接超时时间-->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000" />
<!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数-->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory对象-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 配置MyBatis全局配置文件 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" />
<!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml" />
</bean>
</beans>
spring-service.xml
这里只添加了事物相关的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
spring-web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 启用注解方式 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 设置spring容器扫描路径 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.controller" />
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
6 测试
6.1 创建数据库以及关系表
创建数据库test:
CREATE DATABASE `test`;
创建user表:
CREATE TABLE `test`.`user` (
`id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
`password` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`))
ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4;
6.2 创建对应的实体类
创建一个com.demo.entity包,在这个包下新建一个User.java,内容如下:
package com.demo.entity;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String password;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
6.4 编写UserMapper.xml文件
在resource文件夹下的mapper文件夹中,新建一个UserMapper.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="user">
<insert id="addUser">
INSERT INTO `user`(`name`, `password`) values(#{name}, #{password})
</insert>
</mapper>
6.5 建一个测试类
在test目录下,java文件夹中新建一个包com.demo.test,并新建一个类UserMapperTest.java
package com.demo.test;
import com.demo.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:spring/spring-dao.xml", "classpath:spring/spring-service.xml"})
public class UserMapperTest {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserMapperTest.class);
@Autowired
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
@Test
public void testInsert() {
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
User user = new User();
user.setName("zhangsan");
user.setPassword("123456");
int ret = sqlSession.insert("user.addUser", user);
logger.debug("total insert row: {}", ret);
sqlSession.close();
}
}
右击testInsert -> Run 'testInsert()'
最终的项目结构:
完成。