string与char、char*、const char、const char*、char a[]互转

一般iostream头文件包含了string.h，但有的编译器中没有包含，所以字符串操作最好加上头文件string.h

1、char、char*、const char、const char*、char a[] =>string

s = "h";
直接赋值即可，可自动隐式转换。
char p = 'a';
std::string s;
const char q = 'b';
char* a="hahha";
char b[50];
const char* c ="hello";
s = p;
    std::cout << p << std::endl;
    s = q;
    std::cout << s << std::endl;
    s = a;
    std::cout << s << std::endl;
    s = c;
    std::cout << s << std::endl;
    strcpy(b, a);
    s = b;
    std::cout << s << std::endl;

2、string=>char*、const char*

s = "h";
char* a="hahha";
const char* c ="hello";
a = (char*)s.c_str();
std::cout << a << std::endl;
c = s.c_str();
std::cout << c << std::endl;

3、string=>char数组

char b[50];
s = "h";
strcpy(b,s.c_str());
    std::cout << b << std::endl;

4、string=>char

std::string s;
char p = 'a';
s = "h";
std::stringstream ss;
    ss << s;
    ss >> p;
    std::cout << p << std::endl;
//下面这种方法虽然程序不报错，但是转化后的结果是错的。
    p = (char)s.c_str();
    std::cout << "string 2 char"<<p << std::endl;

5、string => int、double、float、long

std::cout << "string  => int、double、float"<< std::endl;
        std::string str = "55";
        int s2i;
        float s2f;
        long s2l;
        double s2d;
        s2i = std::stoi(str);
        s2f = std::stof(str);
        s2l = std::stol(str);
        s2d = std::stod(str);
        std::cout << s2i << std::endl;
        std::cout << s2f << std::endl;
        std::cout << s2l << std::endl;
        std::cout << s2d << std::endl;