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When I was a child, I had a voracious appetite for books. I was constantly visiting the library and picking new volumes to read, but one I always came back to was The Phantom Tollbooth, written by Norton Juster and illustrated by Jules Feiffer. In it, a boy named Milo arrives home from school to discover a mysterious tollbooth in his room. He drives through the tollbooth and finds himself in The Lands Beyond, a fantastical world where the Kingdom of Wisdom has fallen into disarray. The Princesses of Wisdom — Rhyme and Reason — have been banished to the Castle in the Air, and two dueling kings — King Azaz the Unabridged of Dictionopolis and the Mathemagician of Digitopolis — have caused a rift in the kingdom. Milo and his newfound friends, Tock the Watchdog and the Humbug, set off on a quest to rescue the Princesses and restore peace to Wisdom.
当我还是个孩子的时候，我对书本的胃口很大。 我一直在访问图书馆，并挑选新的书卷来阅读，但我经常回过头去看的是《幻影收费站》 ，该书由诺顿·贾斯特(Norton Juster)撰写，并由儒勒·费弗(Jules Feiffer)插图。 在其中，一个名叫米洛(Milo)的男孩从学校回到家中，在他的房间里发现了一个神秘的收费站。 他驶过收费站，发现自己身处“超越王国”(The Lands Beyond)，这是一个梦幻般的世界，智慧王国陷入混乱。 智慧的公主-押韵与理性-被放逐到空中的城堡中，两名决斗之王-迪卡波利斯的未删节国王阿扎兹和迪格托波利斯的数学家-在王国引起了裂痕。 米洛(Milo)和他的新朋友托克(Tock)看门狗(Tock the Watchdog)和骗子(Humbug)出发，目的是营救公主并恢复智慧的和平。
The Phantom Tollbooth is still one of my favorite novels and I reread it whenever I want to escape to another world, but I’ve recently found myself trying to trace Milo’s journey through the Kingdom of Wisdom in my head. Jules Feiffer illustrated a map of The Lands Beyond for the book, and I wondered if I could record the story on the map. As a challenge, I started reading the novel again, this time with a copy of the map from the book by my side. While reading, I drew Milo’s journey.
幻影收费亭仍然是我最喜欢的小说之一，每当我想逃脱到另一个世界时，我都会重读它，但是最近我发现自己试图在我的脑海中追寻米洛穿越智慧王国的旅程。 朱尔斯·费弗(Jules Feiffer)为这本书画了一张《超越土地》的地图，我想知道是否可以在地图上记录这个故事。 作为挑战，我再次开始阅读这本小说，这次是从我身边拿本书的地图副本。 在阅读时，我画了米洛的旅程。
After tracing the path on Feiffer’s map, my immediate thought was, “Can I make this more clear?” Since the map is black and white, my black pen didn’t show up well, and the original map, though descriptive and functional, didn’t encapsulate the vibrancy of the world I was imagining in my head. I knew then that I wanted to redesign Jules Feiffer’s map and make it my own, with all the flair that I was envisioning.
在费弗地图上找到路径后，我立即想到：“我能说得更清楚吗？” 由于地图是黑白的，所以我的黑色笔笔无法很好地显示出来，原始的地图虽然具有描述性和功能性，但并没有在脑海中凝聚我所想象的世界的活力。 那时，我知道我想重新设计Jules Feiffer的地图，并按照我的设想将其制作为我自己的地图。
米洛去哪里 (Where Milo Went)
I started by creating all of the geographic features — the Sea of Knowledge, the Foothills of Confusion, the Forest of Sight — and letting them shape the landscape of the map. I used color to help provide some liveliness and varied the hues to indicate depth and distance. My next step was to add the road that Milo and his fellow adventurers drive on to navigate The Lands Beyond. This resulted in a cohesive but unfinished map.
首先，我创建了所有地理特征-知识海，混乱的山麓小丘，视线森林-并让它们塑造了地图的景观。 我使用颜色帮助提供一些活泼性，并改变了色调以指示深度和距离。 我的下一步是增加米洛(Milo)和他的冒险家们驾车通向超越土地(The Lands Beyond)的道路。 这导致了一张衔接但未完成的地图。
Next, I added manmade features, like cities and fortresses. Dictionopolis and Digitopolis are the most prominent, but the Old City of Wisdom, Expectations, the Soundkeeper’s Fortress, and others all appear. To top it off, I labeled every feature with a whimsical font, drew a compass to contribute an air of officiality, and completed my new map of The Lands Beyond!
接下来，我添加了人造功能，例如城市和堡垒。 Dictionopolis和Digitopolis是最著名的，但是智慧老城，Expectations，Soundkeeper's Fortress等都出现了。 最重要的是，我用异想天开的字体标记了每个功能，绘制了一个指南针以增强官僚作风，并完成了新的The Lands Beyond地图！
Since I had already documented Milo’s journey on my copy of Feiffer’s map, I decided to add that path to my own map. Using a purple dotted line, I traced Milo, Tock, and the Humbug’s adventure, winding from the Doldrums to Dictionopolis, through the Valley of Sound to Digitopolis, and finally to the Castle in the Air.
由于我已经在Feiffer的地图副本中记录了Milo的旅程，因此我决定将该路径添加到我自己的地图中。 我用一条紫色的虚线追踪了米洛(Milo)，托克(Tock)和骗子(Humbug)的冒险经历，从多德鲁姆斯(Doldrums)到迪迪科波利斯(Dictionopolis)，经过桑迪谷(Valley of Sound)到Digitopolis，最后到空中城堡。
谁遇到了米洛 (Who Milo Met)
The path shows their progression through the Kingdom of Wisdom well, but I noticed that my map was missing any indication of what happened in the places our adventurers visited. Knowing the book, I thought that showing how many characters were introduced in each place would help the viewer understand how much activity occurred during that leg of the journey. To indicate this, I placed a circle in the location where each character in the book was introduced.
这条路很好地显示了他们在智慧王国中的前进，但是我注意到我的地图上没有任何迹象表明我们的冒险家们去过的地方发生了什么。 了解这本书后，我认为显示每个地方引入了多少个角色将有助于观众了解旅程的那段时间发生了多少活动。 为了说明这一点，我在介绍书中每个字符的位置上画了一个圆圈。
Although the plain circles helped, I knew I could add even more information. One of the first questions most people ask about a character in a story is, “Are they good or bad?” I made the question of alignment slightly more complex and categorized each character as good, bad, or neutral. But some characters change throughout the book, such as the Humbug, who is initially a nuisance but by the end of the book is Milo’s friend. To accommodate character development, I determined each characters’ alignment when the reader initially meets them in the book and then again at the end of the book.
尽管普通圈子有所帮助，但我知道我可以添加更多信息。 大多数人问故事中的角色的第一个问题是：“他们好还是坏？” 我使对齐问题稍微复杂一些，并将每个字符分为好，坏或中性。 但是整本书中有些字符会发生变化，例如Humbug，起初是令人讨厌的事情，但到书末是Milo的朋友。 为了适应角色的发展，当读者最初在书中遇到每个字符时，然后在书的结尾再次遇到它们时，我确定了每个字符的对齐方式。
To represent character alignment, I colored the circles I had made previously. The color on the left half of the circle shows the character’s alignment when the reader meets them and the color on the right half shows the character’s alignment at the end of the book. Red represents a bad character, purple is a neutral character, and blue shows a good character. For example, if the left half of a circle is red and the right half is blue, then the character was initially bad and turned good throughout the course of the novel. This tactic resulted in my finalized map!
为了表示字符对齐，我给以前制作的圆圈上色。 当读者遇到时，圆圈左半边的颜色表示字符的对齐方式，而书本末尾的右半边的颜色显示字符的对齐方式。 红色代表坏字符，紫色代表中性字符，蓝色代表好字符。 例如，如果一个圆圈的左半部分是红色，而右半部分是蓝色，则在整个小说创作过程中，角色最初是不好的，并且变好了。 这种战术使我最终确定了地图！
By looking at this map, it’s easy to get a sense of where much of the action takes place. Milo spends multiple chapters in Dictionopolis, exploring the city from the market to the castle and even attending a royal banquet. He also makes many stops throughout the Forest of Sight and the Valley of Sound, meeting benevolent individuals along the way. In contrast, Milo, Tock, and the Humbug encounter many demons in the Mountains of Ignorance who wish to keep Rhyme and Reason imprisoned and hinder the adventurers on their quest.
通过查看此地图，可以轻松了解发生了很多操作的位置。 Milo在Dictionopolis中度过了许多章节，从市场到城堡探索这座城市，甚至参加了皇家宴会。 他还在视线森林和声音之谷停了许多站，沿途遇到了仁慈的人。 相比之下，米洛(Milo)，托克(Tock)和骗子(Hugbug)在无知之山遇到了许多恶魔，他们希望将押韵和理智关押起来，并阻止冒险者的追求。
米洛做了什么 (What Milo Did)
Despite all the wonderful information embedded in the map, geography is just one way to tell a story. Words are data just as much as locations or categorizations, so I decided to use Voyant Tools to dig up what I could from The Phantom Tollbooth. Voyant is a free online tool that allows users to upload or type in a text and automatically performs a variety of language analyses on it. I specifically used the “document terms” tab, which reports the number of instances of each word in the given text and ranks them from most to least used.
尽管地图中嵌入了所有奇妙的信息，但是地理只是讲故事的一种方式。 单词的数据与位置或类别一样多，因此我决定使用Voyant Tools挖掘The Phantom Tollbooth的功能 。 Voyant是一个免费的在线工具，允许用户上传或键入文本，并自动对其进行各种语言分析。 我专门使用了“文档术语”选项卡，该选项卡报告给定文本中每个单词的实例数量，并将它们从最不使用到最不使用排列。
To get a sense of the book as a whole, I uploaded the full text of The Phantom Tollbooth to Voyant. Looking at just the top five terms, the words tell a clear story. From most to least used, the top five terms in the entire book are, “milo,” “said,” “just,” “tock,” and “humbug.” These words encapsulate the three most prominent characters (Milo, Tock, and the Humbug) as well as begin to indicate what these characters do — talk to people. To visualize these five terms, I made a simple line chart of their use throughout each chapter of the book.
为了全面了解这本书，我将“幻影收费站”的全文上载到了Voyant。 仅查看前五个词，这些词就说明了一个清楚的故事。 从最常用到最不常用，整本书中排名前5位的术语是“ milo”，“ said”，“ just”，“ tock”和“ humbug”。 这些单词封装了三个最突出的字符(Milo，Tock和Humbug)，并开始表明这些字符的作用-与人们交谈。 为了使这五个术语形象化，我在本书的每一章中都做了一个简单的折线图。
Though “milo,” “said,” “just,” “tock,” and “humbug” are the most-used words in the entire book, it’s clear that this may not be true for individual chapters. Chapter 6 in particular appears to have relatively few instances of the five terms, and there are large differences in the number of instances of “milo” and “said” versus instances of “just,” “tock,” and “humbug” between many of the chapters. This made me curious: what are the most-used words in each chapter, and will they tell a more detailed story?
尽管“ milo”，“ said”，“ just”，“ tock”和“ humbug”是整本书中最常用的词，但很明显，这可能不适用于各个章节。 尤其是第6章，这五个术语的实例似乎相对较少，并且在许多实例中，“ milo”和“ said”实例与“ just”，“ tock”和“ humbug”实例之间的数量差异很大。的章节。 这让我感到好奇：每章中最常用的词是什么，它们会讲更详细的故事吗？
I split the text of the book into each of the 20 chapters and uploaded them to Voyant individually, recording the top five terms for each chapter, hoping the results would fill the gaps left by my previous visualization. Amazingly, they did!
我将本书的内容分为20章，分别上载到Voyant，记录下每章的前5个术语，希望结果能填补我以前的可视化所留下的空白。 令人惊讶的是，他们做到了！
In the more detailed look at most-used terms by chapter, the words tell a very clear story that lines up perfectly with the journey shown on the map. For instance, chapters 3–5 are all set in Dictionopolis, the city run by King Azaz the Unabridged. In those chapters, Milo visits the “market” (the fifth most-used word in chapter 3), meets the Spelling “Bee” (the second most-used word in chapter 4), and gets in trouble with Officer Short Shrift, a “policeman” (the fifth most-used word in chapter 5).
在按章更详细地查看最常用的术语时，这些单词讲述了一个非常清晰的故事，与地图上显示的旅程完全吻合。 例如，第3–5章全都设置在Dictionopolis中，这是由未删节的国王Azaz掌管的城市。 在这些章节中，Milo参观了“市场”(第3章中第五个最常用的词)，遇到了拼写“ Bee”(第4章中第二个最常用的词)，并遇到了Short Shrift军官， “警察”(第5章中第五常用的单词)。
Chapter 6 is particularly unusual because it is a flashback to the history of the Kingdom of Wisdom, which is why “kingdom,” “city,” “king,” and “land” feature so prominently. That is when Milo, Tock, and the Humbug learn of Rhyme and Reason and set out on their quest to free the Princesses.
第六章特别不寻常，因为它是对智慧王国历史的回顾，这就是“王国”，“城市”，“国王”和“土地”如此突出的原因。 那时，米洛(Milo)，塔克(Tock)和骗子(Humbug)学会了押韵和理性，并着手寻求释放公主的追求。
Moving through their journey, the adventurers meet Alec Bings in the Forest of Sight in chapters 9 and 10 and pass through the Valley of Sound in chapters 11 and 12, running into Doctor Kakofonous A. Dischord, Dynne, and the Soundkeeper. Chapters 14 and 15 are set in Digitopolis, the city of numbers ruled by the Mathemagician. Each of these characters’ names rise into the top five terms along with words associated with them, like “noise,” “sound,” and “dodecahedron.”
在整个旅程中，冒险家们在第9章和第10章的视线森林中遇见了Alec Bings，并在第11章和第12章的穿越了音谷，遇到了Kakofonous A. Dischord医生，Dynne和Soundkeeper。 第14章和第15章是在Digitopolis(数学家统治的数字之城)中设定的。 这些字符的名称以及与之相关的单词(例如“噪音”，“声音”和“十二面体”)均排在前五位。
Before making a deep dive into various ways to discern the story of The Phantom Tollbooth, I was already in love with the work, but now that I’ve dissected it, the book holds a special kind of nuance. Each of my visualizations represents Milo’s adventure in a new way and reveals just how well Norton Juster and Jules Feiffer constructed it. There is always more than one interpretation of a piece of literature, and visualizing the data behind the book provides a fantastical world of insights I never could have imagined.
在深入研究各种方式以了解《幻影收费亭》的故事之前，我已经爱上了这部作品，但是现在我已经对其进行了剖析，这本书拥有一种特殊的细微差别。 我的每幅可视化作品都以一种新的方式代表了米洛的冒险经历，并揭示了诺顿·贾斯特和朱尔斯·费弗的构建方式。 一部文学作品总是有不止一种解释，而可视化本书背后的数据则提供了一个我从未想过的奇幻世界。
翻译自: https://medium.com/nightingale/mapping-the-phantom-tollbooth-2559c494e73
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