Today, Android announced the Android 11 developer preview. It’s 02–20–2020, and I’m starting to write this at 20:20 at night. I’m a big fan of numbers, so I hope this means something good for the Android world.
今天，Android宣布了Android 11开发人员预览版。 现在是02年20月20日，我将在晚上20:20开始撰写。 我非常喜欢数字，所以我希望这对Android界来说是件好事。
The world of mobile technologies is fast-paced and changes in the blink of an eye. Personally, I struggle to keep up with the changes, even when I work on this every day. The purpose of this piece is to make your life easier. In it, I will answer two questions:
移动技术的世界日新月异，瞬息万变。 就个人而言，即使我每天都在努力工作，我也很难跟上变化。 这件作品的目的是使您的生活更轻松。 在其中，我将回答两个问题：
- When is Android 11 being launched? Android 11何时发布？
- What’s new (and relevant) in this new version? 此新版本有哪些新功能(相关)？
That’s it, no overhead, not a ton of hours of reading. Because that is what we all need: a quick summary, straight to the point.
就是这样，没有开销，也没有大量的阅读时间。 因为这就是我们所有人所需要的：快速总结，直截了当。
何时启动Android 11？ (When Is Android 11 Being Launched?)
Unfortunately, Android is a bit ambiguous about this. Their answer to this question was the following:
不幸的是，Android在这方面有点模棱两可。 他们对这个问题的回答如下：
“The Android 11 Developer Preview program runs from February 2020 until the final public release to AOSP and OEMs, planned for Q3 2020.”
“ Android 11 Developer Preview计划从2020年2月开始运行，直到计划于2020年第三季度向AOSP和OEM最终发布为止。”
In the above quote, there are a couple of words that need to be defined:
在以上引用中，需要定义几个词：
- AOSP — Android Open Source Project. Regarding Android, the concept of open source may be a bit confusing if you don’t know how it works. Basically, Android is being developed by Google since the initial state and until the public release. After that, anyone can add or contribute to the project. AOSP — Android开放源代码项目。 关于Android，如果您不了解开源的概念，那么开源的概念可能会有些混乱。 从最初的状态到公开发布，基本上Google一直在开发Android。 之后，任何人都可以添加或贡献该项目。
- OEMs — Original equipment manufacturer, that is any of the brands that make Android phones: Samsung, Nokia, Motorola, among many other examples that you can think of OEM-原始设备制造商，即制造Android手机的任何品牌：三星，诺基亚，摩托罗拉，以及您可以想到的许多其他示例
With those two terms clarified, we now know that the release to users and the general public will be in the third quarter of 2020. This means between July and September. If we take a look at what has happened with mobile platforms, Android and iOS, big releases usually happen in September. Below you can see a picture of the timeline established by the Android team.
澄清了这两个术语后，我们现在知道向用户和公众发布的内容将在2020年第三季度发布。这意味着在7月至9月之间。 如果我们看一下移动平台(Android和iOS)的情况，通常会在9月发布大型版本。 您可以在下面看到由Android团队建立的时间表的图片。
Android 11有哪些新功能？ (What’s New in Android 11?)
The Android developer preview site divides the updates into three categories:
Android 开发人员预览网站将更新分为三类：
- Privacy updates 隐私更新
- Features and APIs 功能和API
- Behavior changes 行为改变
These three points tell us something, but not much. Let’s follow the same order and see what really is behind each one.
这三点告诉了我们一些，但并不多。 让我们遵循相同的顺序，看看每一个背后的真正含义。
隐私更新 (Privacy Updates)
范围存储 (Scoped storage)
The first thing mentioned is scoped storage. Before, developers could write into the external storage of your phone and add whatever files were needed, without your permission, or possibly delete them without deleting the app.
提到的第一件事是范围存储 。 以前，开发人员可以在未经您允许的情况下写入手机的外部存储并添加所需的任何文件，或者可以在不删除应用程序的情况下将其删除。
Fixing this means the user can control the phone memory, and avoid clutter and unneeded items. Comparing iPhone and Android, one of the biggest advantages of Android is the ability to control your memory and not run out of it. This feature will make this even better.
解决此问题意味着用户可以控制手机的内存，并避免混乱和不必要的物品。 与iPhone和Android相比，Android的最大优势之一是可以控制内存而不会耗尽内存。 此功能将使其变得更好。
一次性权限 (One-time permissions)
Right now, when you authorize an app to access something like your microphone or camera, it’s enabled 24/7 until you go to settings and disable it. If we wanted to go deep into conspiracy theories, you could be authorizing any app to spy all the time on you (which is not very likely because that would consume all your data and battery).
现在，当您授权某个应用访问麦克风或摄像头之类的东西时，它将启用24/7，直到您转到设置并禁用它为止。 如果我们想深入研究阴谋论，您可能会授权任何应用一直监视您(这不太可能，因为这会消耗您的所有数据和电池)。
With one-time permissions, you can tell your phone that you authorize that app to use something, but only until you or the system stops the app.
拥有一次性权限，您可以告诉您的手机您授权该应用使用某些东西，但是直到您或系统停止该应用为止。
后台位置访问 (Background location access)
Similar to the point above, up until now, when you authorize an app to use your location, you grant access to both the foreground and the background. Very common examples of the background access are the suggestions Google maps give to many of us regarding traffic or your destination or it asking whether you are currently at a restaurant. Most of us authorize Google maps to use the location because otherwise, we wouldn’t get our directions when using the GPS, but that doesn’t mean that we want it to be spying on us in the background, does it? With Android 11, you will have control over foreground vs. background location permissions.
与上述类似，到目前为止，当您授权某个应用使用您的位置信息时，您将同时授予对前景和背景的访问权限。 常见的后台访问示例是Google地图向我们许多人提供的有关交通或目的地的建议，或者询问您当前是否在餐厅的信息。 我们大多数人都授权Google地图使用该位置，因为否则，在使用GPS时我们不会得到我们的方向，但这并不意味着我们希望它在后台对我们进行监视，对吗？ 使用Android 11，您可以控制前台位置和后台位置权限。
功能和API (Features and APIs)
The Features and APIs section is very long, so I will only mention the most important features that could be used in the average app.
“功能和API”部分非常长，因此，我只会提及普通应用程序中可以使用的最重要的功能。
数据访问审核 (Data access auditing)
This is an interesting security feature for developers. When developing apps, we use a lot of external libraries. We rarely know how they act in the background and most of the time don’t review all the code. I once had an app that was using a third-party library, and it wasn’t until Apple reviewed it when they rejected it that I knew it was recording private user data. With this new feature, developers can audit which data is being collected by the APIs and ensure the privacy of our users.
对于开发人员来说，这是一个有趣的安全功能。 在开发应用程序时，我们使用许多外部库。 我们很少知道它们在后台的行为，并且大多数时候不审查所有代码。 我曾经有一个使用第三方库的应用程序，直到Apple拒绝该应用程序时，他们拒绝了该应用程序，我才知道该应用程序正在记录私人用户数据。 借助此新功能，开发人员可以审核API正在收集哪些数据，并确保用户的隐私。
富媒体快速回复 (Rich media in quick replies)
Nowadays, we are all familiar with quick replies, which are the small textboxes in our notifications. We can reply to things like messages or emails without opening the app. Until now, you could only add text to those replies, but with Android 11 you can also add images through them. I have my reservations whether this will be useful or easy to use, but we will see.
如今，我们都熟悉快速答复，这是通知中的小文本框。 我们可以在不打开应用程序的情况下回复消息或电子邮件之类的内容。 到目前为止，您只能在这些回复中添加文本，但是在Android 11中，您还可以通过它们添加图像。 我对这是有用还是易于使用持保留意见，但是我们会看到的。
生物特征认证强度 (Biometric authentication strength)
Biometric authentication has slowly taken on the smartphone market. We currently have four options to authenticate in this way: fingerprint, iris, voice, and face recognition. Most people don’t know that sensors have a certain level of security. Some low-end brands that want to incorporate biometric sensors use second-hand devices that check with low precision. In other words, if you look similar to your brother or your mother, a bad facial recognition sensor would recognize them as if they were you. With Android 11, developers can choose whether devices with strong or weak levels of security can access certain features.
生物识别身份验证在智能手机市场上的应用日渐缓慢。 当前，我们有四个以这种方式进行身份验证的选项：指纹，虹膜，语音和面部识别。 大多数人不知道传感器具有一定的安全性。 一些想要整合生物识别传感器的低端品牌使用二手设备进行低精度检查。 换句话说，如果您看起来与兄弟或母亲相似，那么面部识别传感器就会把他们识别为您。 使用Android 11，开发人员可以选择安全级别高或弱的设备是否可以访问某些功能。
聊天气泡 (Chat bubbles)
You probably can identify this feature, introduced by Facebook messenger. It’s now encouraged to be used across Android. In my opinion, having chat bubbles is a bit annoying, but Android has decided to do this. I don’t think there is anything else to say about them but that you will probably be seeing them much more.
您可能可以识别出由Facebook Messenger引入的此功能。 现在鼓励在Android上使用它。 我认为聊天气泡有点令人讨厌，但Android已决定这样做。 我认为关于它们没有别的话要说，但是您可能会看到更多。
行为改变 (Behavior Changes)
For the last part of the documentation, Android repeats the same once again: permissions, app location, and storage. I won’t be repeating that as we already talked about it.
对于文档的最后一部分，Android再次重复相同的操作：权限，应用程序位置和存储。 正如我们已经讨论过的那样，我将不再重复。
结语 (Wrapping Up)
In summary, Android 11 developer preview is mostly about security, which is a great thing to have. We are slowly learning as a society how important data privacy is. It is important for companies like Android, who own operating systems where we input all our personal data, to be responsible about it. What do you think?
总而言之，Android 11开发人员预览版主要涉及安全性，这是一件很棒的事情。 作为一个社会，我们正在慢慢学习数据隐私的重要性。 对于像Android这样的公司很重要，这些公司拥有要在其中输入所有个人数据的操作系统，对此我们负责。 你怎么看？
Until next time!
直到下一次！
翻译自: https://medium.com/better-programming/android-11-developer-preview-code-in-mobile-65dc5821e6c2
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