7. 自然语言处理：情感分析

import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.datasets import imdb
from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing import sequence
from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Embedding, LSTM, Dense
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 加载IMDB数据集
max_features = 20000
maxlen = 200
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = imdb.load_data(num_words=max_features)

# 数据预处理
x_train = sequence.pad_sequences(x_train, maxlen=maxlen)
x_test = sequence.pad_sequences(x_test, maxlen=maxlen)

# 构建LSTM模型
model = Sequential([
    Embedding(max_features, 128),
    LSTM(128, dropout=0.2, recurrent_dropout=0.2),
    Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')
])

# 编译模型
model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy', optimizer='adam', metrics=['accuracy'])

# 训练模型
history = model.fit(x_train, y_train, batch_size=32, epochs=5, validation_data=(x_test, y_test))

# 评估模型
plt.plot(history.history['accuracy'], label='accuracy')
plt.plot(history.history['val_accuracy'], label='val_accuracy')
plt.xlabel('Epoch')
plt.ylabel('Accuracy')
plt.ylim([0, 1])
plt.legend(loc='lower right')
plt.show()

test_loss, test_acc = model.evaluate(x_test, y_test, verbose=2)
print(f'\nTest accuracy: {test_acc}')
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