c语言差分一阶波动方程,用有限差分模拟一维波动方程.doc

摘 要

波动是物质运动的重要表现形式.由于物质特征、结构的不同，波在其内部传播具有不同的特征，包含的信息也不尽相同.波在连续介质中的传播问题一直受到极大的重视，波传问题的研究也具有十分重要的工程应用意义，其中一个重要的应用领域是在地球物理方面.地震波勘探(简称为地震勘探)方法是利用人工震源激发地震波，利用地震仪把地震波传播的情况记录下来，然后进行处理和分析.地震勘探方法依据地球岩石的弹性假设以及波的传播特性进行勘探和相应的数据处理.弹性波在介质中传播时，其路径、振幅、相位以及波形都会随着介质的物理性质和几何性质的变化而发生变化，地震勘探正是利用波的这些变化规律，根据接收到的资料来推断地下介质的性质，从而达到地质勘探的目的.

有限差分方法是常用的一种数值解法，它是在微分方程中用差商代替偏导数，得到相应的差分方程，通过解差分方程得到微分方程解的近似值.该方法广泛应用于数学、力学、地球物理、电磁学等领域，是求解波动方程问题的一种重要方法.根据求解波动方程的不同形式，有限差分方法有多种不同的形式，根据网格特征，可以分为规则网格差分法和不规则网格有限差分法. 通过网格差分近似波动方程微分算子，能够得到完整的弹性波场信息，而且具有编程简单、运算速度快等优点，可以用来分析处理各种复杂地质构造中的波动问题

本文采用有限差分法对一维波动方程的若干问解进行求解。采用Matlab软件进行编程处理不仅简单快捷，而且可以直接绘图，更加直观地反映其波动的性质。

关键字：地震勘探; 有限差分; 波动方程

Simulation of one dimensional wave equation

by finite difference

AbstractVolatility is an important form of physical movement. As material characteristics, the structure of the different waves in its internal communication with the different characteristics, the information contained are not the same. wave propagation in continuous media has been great attention The problem of wave propagation is also of great significance of important engineering applications, one important field of application is in the geophysical aspects. Seismic exploration (referred to as seismic exploration) method is the use of artificial seismic wave excitation source, the use of seismographs to record seismic wave propagation situation down, and then processed and analyzed. Seismic exploration method based on assumptions, and the elastic earth wave propagation characteristics of exploration and the corresponding data processing. elastic wave propagation in the medium, its path, amplitude, phase and waveform are the physical properties of the medium changes in the nature and geometry The change in seismic wave of these changes is the use of law, according to the received data to infer the nature of the underground medium, so as to achieve the purpose of geological exploration.Finite difference method is commonly used as a numerical solution, which