otsu阈值分割算法原理_图像分割：Otsu大津算法阈值选择

OpenCV算法实现：

根据大津法思路编写程序：

代码一：

#include

#include

#include

#include

using namespace std;

using namespace cv;

int OtsuThreshold(IplImage *frame);

void main()

{

IplImage *raw_img = cvLoadImage("4-1.jpg",0);

cvShowImage("0",raw_img);

double t = (double)getTickCount();

int m_threshold = OtsuThreshold(raw_img);

//返回该处代码执行所耗的时间，单位为秒

t = ((double)getTickCount() - t)/getTickFrequency();

cout<

for (int j=0; jwidth;j++)//lie

{

for (int i=0;iheight;i++)

{

unsigned char *p_data = (unsigned char*)raw_img->imageData + i*raw_img->widthStep;

if (p_data[j] < m_threshold)

{

p_data[j] = 0;

}

else

p_data[j]=255;

}

}

cvShowImage("1",raw_img);

cvWaitKey(0);

}

int OtsuThreshold(IplImage *frame)

{

int width = frame->width;//lie

int height = frame->height;//hang

const int GrayScale = 256;

int pixelCount[GrayScale];

float pixelPro[GrayScale];

int i;

for (i = 0; i < GrayScale; i++)//数组初始化

{

pixelCount[i] = 0;

pixelPro[i] = 0;

}

int j, pixelSum = width * height, threshold = 0;

unsigned char* data = (unsigned char*)frame->imageData;  //指向像素数据的指针

for (i = 0; i < height; i++)//统计灰度级中每个像素在整幅图像中的个数

{

for (j = 0; j < width; j++)

{

pixelCount[(int)data[i * width + j]]++;  //将像素值作为计数数组的下标

}

}

//计算每个像素在整幅图像中的比例

float maxPro = 0.0;

int kk = 0;

for (i = 0; i < GrayScale; i++)

{

pixelPro[i] = (float)pixelCount[i] / pixelSum;

if (pixelPro[i] > maxPro)

{

maxPro = pixelPro[i];//最大比例

kk = i;

}

}

//遍历灰度级[0,255]

float w0, w1, u0tmp, u1tmp, u0, u1, u, deltaTmp, deltaMax = 0;

for (i = 0; i < GrayScale; i++)     //遍历灰度等级，i为阈值

{

w0 = w1 = u0tmp = u1tmp = u0 = u1 = u = deltaTmp = 0;

for (j = 0; j < GrayScale; j++)

{

if (j <= i)   //背景部分

{

w0 += pixelPro[j];//背景像素点占整个图像的比例

u0tmp += j * pixelPro[j];

}

else   //前景部分

{

w1 += pixelPro[j];//前景像素点占整个图像的比例

u1tmp += j * pixelPro[j];

}

}

u0 = u0tmp / w0;//背景平均灰度μ0

u1 = u1tmp / w1;//前景平均灰度μ1

u = u0tmp + u1tmp;

deltaTmp = w0 * pow((u0 - u), 2) + w1 * pow((u1 - u), 2);//g =ω0(μ0-μ)^2+ω1(μ1-μ)^2;类间方差

if (deltaTmp > deltaMax)

{

deltaMax = deltaTmp;

threshold = i;

}

}

return threshold;

}