java 同步list_java线程生产者与消费者实例（使用List实现同步）

学习java线程的时候，看到生产者与消费者例子，有感而发。

下面是模拟汽车生产商和顾客(权当消费者可以直接从厂家买到汽车)，废话不说，上代码。

package com.zx.thread.work;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

/**

* 我们模拟一个生产者和消费者购买汽车的例子

*

* @author maping

*

*/

public class ProducerAndConsumer {

//厂家存放汽车的车间

private static List cars = new ArrayList();

static void test(int producers, int consumers) {

ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

for (int i = 0; i < producers; i++) {

// 上海大众的producers个分厂分别生产了100台polo车

exec.execute(new CarProducer("上海大众", cars, 100, i));

}

for (int i = 0; i < consumers; i++) {

// 消费者张三的consumers亲戚分别买10台polo

exec.execute(new CarConsumer("张三", cars, 10, i));

}

exec.shutdown();

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {

test(100, 1000);

}

}

/**

汽车类

*/

class Car {

private String name = "polo";

private int id;

private CarProducer producer;

public Car() {

}

public Car(CarProducer producer, String name, int id) {

this.producer = producer;

this.name = name;

this.id = id;

}

public String toString() {

return this.producer.getName() + "#" + this.producer.getId() + "#"

+ this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "#" + name + "#" + id;

}

}

/*

汽车制造厂商

*/

class CarProducer implements Runnable {

private int count;

private List cars;

private String name;

private int id;

public CarProducer(String name, List cars, int count, int id) {

this.name = name;

this.cars = cars;

this.count = count;

this.id = id;

}

public void addCar(int ids) {

System.out.println(this.name + "#" + id + ">>开始生产汽车" + ids);

//此处同步cars，如果使用BlockingQueue，则无需同步代码

synchronized (cars) {

cars.add(new Car(this, name, ids));

//车间里面有了刚刚制造好的汽车，那么就可以通知消费者来买了

cars.notifyAll();

}

}

public void run() {

for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {

this.addCar(i);

}

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public int getId() {

return id;

}

}

/**

消费者

*/

class CarConsumer implements Runnable {

private List cars;

private int count;

private String name;

private int id;

public CarConsumer(String name, List cars, int count, int id) {

this.name = name;

this.cars = cars;

this.count = count;

this.id = id;

}

public void buyCar() throws InterruptedException {

//消费者购买汽车时，锁定汽车对象

synchronized (cars) {

System.out.println(name + "#" + id + ">>" + "开始选车");

int waitTime = 10 * 1000;

//消费者刚刚来到汽车存放的车间时，如果发现

//车间还没有汽车，那么他只能等待，这里设置了超时时间，如果

//超过指定时间，则一气走之，相当于抛出异常了

while (cars.isEmpty()) {

System.out.println("[" + name + "#" + id + "]当前车缺货，等待"

+ waitTime + "毫秒");

wait(waitTime);

}

//有汽车来了，则个时候就可以买汽车了

Car car = cars.remove(0);

System.out.println("[" + name + "#" + id + "]" + "买到车了" + car);

System.out.println("***************************");

System.err.println("当前库存为\n" + cars.size());

}

}

public void run() {

while (count-- > 0) {

try {

buyCar();

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}

这段代码在生产者线程制造的汽车数>=消费者线程购买的汽车数时，没有任何问题，当反之的时候，就会由于

等待制造商生产汽车，而此时制造商或许不再制造汽车了，那么就会抛出异常。

我在思考，比如MQ的消息队列是怎么做到那么高效率呢

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2012-02-21 17:31

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