python图像缺陷检测,U-Net网络缺陷检测 样本像素不均衡问题

U-Net网络缺陷检测 样本像素不均衡问题

U-Net 的网络设计如上图所示，

或者参考文章Automatic Metallic Surface Defect Detection and Recognition with Convolutional Neural Networks来设计你的网络。

现模型输入 input_image 1 x 512 x 512 x 1 input_label 1 x 512 x 512

现模型输出 prediction 1 x 512 x 512 x 2

In general, a captured image of the metallic surface has more background pixels than defective pixels.

通常，金属表面的捕获图像具有比缺陷像素更多的背景像素。

样本均衡 postive:negative ≈ 1 : 3，缺陷检测往往面临样本不均衡问题 postive:negative != 1 : 3

针对样本不均衡问题

solution-1 focal loss

def focal_loss(labels, logits, gamma=2, alpha=0.25):

labels = tf.one_hot(labels, depth=2, on_value=None, off_value=None, axis=None, dtype=None, name=None)

# 防止为0

epsilon = 1.e-3

logits = tf.clip_by_value(logits, epsilon, 1. - epsilon)

# 交叉熵

cross_entropy = -labels * tf.log(logits)

# focal loss 权重交叉熵模型

focal_loss = tf.pow(1 - logits, gamma) * cross_entropy

# loss

loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.reduce_sum(focal_loss, axis=-1))

return loss

solution-2 re-weight the imbalanced classes

参考文章 Automatic Metallic Surface Defect Detection and Recognition with Convolutional Neural Networks的思路

def imbalance_cross_entropy(labels, logits):

labels_one_hot = tf.one_hot(labels, depth=2, on_value=None, off_value=None, axis=None, dtype=None, name=None)

# 防止为0

epsilon = 1.e-3

logits = tf.clip_by_value(logits, epsilon, 1. - epsilon)

# 交叉熵

cross_entropy = -labels_one_hot * tf.log(logits)

cross_entropy_sum = tf.reduce_sum(cross_entropy, axis=-1)

# imbalance weight

labels_reshape = tf.reshape(labels, [-1])

weight01 = tf.constant(0.1, dtype=tf.float32, shape=labels_reshape.shape)

weight09 = tf.constant(0.9, dtype=tf.float32, shape=labels_reshape.shape)

labels_weight = tf.where(tf.equal(labels_reshape, 1), weight01, weight09)

labels_imbalance = tf.reshape(labels_weight, (1, 512, 512))

# imbalance_cross_entropy

loss = cross_entropy_sum*labels_imbalance

imbalance_cross_entropy_loss = tf.reduce_mean(loss)

return imbalance_cross_entropy_loss

这里设置的 re-weight 参数是0.1，0.9

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/Frank_Zer/article/details/112363825