python全栈学习总结六：装饰器

一 装饰器定义

　　装饰器：本质就是函数，一种增加函数或类的功能的简单方法，它可以快速的给不同的函数或者类插入相同的功能。

　　原则：（1）不修改被修饰函数的源代码。

　　　　   （2）不修改被修饰函数的调用方式

　　装饰器 = 高阶函数+函数嵌套+闭包

#装饰器 = 高阶函数+函数嵌套+闭包
#高阶函数：输入或返回参数为函数
#函数嵌套中再定义函数
#闭包：函数中变量全部由函数内部提供
import time
#为函数添加功能：计算函数的执行时间
def calc(num):
    res = 0;
    for i in range(num+1):
        res += i
    return res

def timer(func):
    start_time = time.time()
    func(10000000)
    stop_time = time.time()
    print("运行时间为：",stop_time-start_time)
# print(calc(10000))
timer(calc)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#定义装饰器timer  给函数增加打印执行时间功能
def timer(func):
    def wrapp():
        start_time = time.time()
        ret = func(10000000)
        stop_time = time.time()
        print("运行时间为：",stop_time-start_time)
        return ret
    return wrapp
@timer
def calc(num):
    res = 0;
    for i in range(num+1):
        res += i
    return res
# print(calc(10000))
# calc = timer(calc)
print(calc())

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#函数可以传递参数
def timer(func):
    def wrapp(num):
        start_time = time.time()
        ret = func(num)
        stop_time = time.time()
        print("运行时间为：",stop_time-start_time)
        return ret
    return wrapp
@timer
def calc(num):
    res = 0;
    for i in range(num+1):
        res += i
    return res
# print(calc(10000))
# calc = timer(calc)
print(calc(10000))

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#装饰器函数的参数可变，
def timer(func):
    def wrapp(*args,**kwargs):
        start_time = time.time()
        ret = func(*args,**kwargs)
        stop_time = time.time()
        print("运行时间为：",stop_time-start_time)
        return ret
    return wrapp
@timer
def calc(num):
    res = 0;
    for i in range(num+1):
        res += i
    return res
@timer
def infor(name,age,genel):
    print(name)
    print(age)
    print(genel)
    return "输出完成！"
# print(calc(10000))
# calc = timer(calc)
print(calc(10000))
print(infor('若水三千',28,'男'))

二 实例：增加验证功能

"""
 给函数添加密码登录验证功能，一次同时给多个函数添加相同功能
"""
def auto_vaild(func):
    def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
        name = input("请输入用户名:")
        passwd = input("请输入与密码:")
        if name == "欢欢" and passwd == "123456":
            ret =func(*args,**kwargs)
            return  ret
        else:
            print("您输入用户名或密码错误！！！")
    return wrapper
@auto_vaild
def  index():
    print("欢迎您来到京东商城！")
@auto_vaild
def payfor(name):
    print("%s您支付！"%name)
@auto_vaild
def collect(name):
    print("%s请你收藏好！"%name)
    return "欢迎下次购买"

index()
payfor("欢欢")
print(collect("欢欢"))
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
"""
给函数添加是否已经登录功能，若是已经登录，则不必再次登录
"""
current_dict = {"userName":None,"Login":False}
def auto_vaild(func):
    def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
        if current_dict["userName"] != None and current_dict["Login"] != False:
            ret = func(*args,**kwargs)
            return ret
        name = input("请输入用户名:")
        passwd = input("请输入与密码:")
        if name == "欢欢" and passwd == "123456":
            current_dict["userName"] = name
            current_dict["Login"] = True
            ret =func(*args,**kwargs)
            return  ret
        else:
            print("您输入用户名或密码错误！！！")
    return wrapper
@auto_vaild
def  index():
    print("欢迎您来到京东商城！")
@auto_vaild
def payfor(name):
    print("%s您支付！"%name)
@auto_vaild
def collect(name):
    print("%s请你收藏好！"%name)
    return "欢迎下次购买"

index()
payfor("欢欢")
print(collect("欢欢"))
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
"""
对用户进行登录进行验证，查看是否已经注册用户名，否则报错
"""
current_dict = {"userName":None,"Login":False}
user_dict =[{'userName':"若水三千",'passwd':123456},
            {'userName':"骑驴追车",'passwd':654321},
            {'userName':"扬帆起航",'passwd':135246},
            {'userName':"冷若冰霜",'passwd':246135}]
def auto_vaild(func):
    def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
        if current_dict["userName"] != None and current_dict["Login"] != False:
            ret = func(*args,**kwargs)
            return ret
        name = input("请输入用户名:").strip()
        passwd = int(input("请输入与密码:").strip())
        for user_login in user_dict:
            if user_login["userName"] == name and user_login["passwd"] == passwd:
                current_dict["userName"] = name
                current_dict["Login"] = True
                ret =func(*args,**kwargs)
                return  ret
        else:  #全部遍历循环完成没有合适的登录用户报错
            print("您输入用户名或密码错误！！！")
    return wrapper
@auto_vaild
def  index():
    print("欢迎您来到京东商城！")
@auto_vaild
def payfor(name):
    print("%s您支付！"%name)
@auto_vaild
def collect(name):
    print("%s请你收藏好！"%name)
    return "欢迎下次购买"

index()
payfor("欢欢")
print(collect("欢欢"))
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
"""
给装饰器传递参数，根据不同的参数指向响应的功能！
"""
current_dict = {"userName":None,"Login":False}
user_dict =[{'userName':"若水三千",'passwd':123456},
            {'userName':"骑驴追车",'passwd':654321},
            {'userName':"扬帆起航",'passwd':135246},
            {'userName':"冷若冰霜",'passwd':246135}]
def auto(auto_type = "filedb"):
    def auto_vaild(func):
            def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
                print("认证类型",auto_type)
                if current_dict["userName"] != None and current_dict["Login"] != False:
                    ret = func(*args,**kwargs)
                    return ret
                name = input("请输入用户名:").strip()
                passwd = int(input("请输入与密码:").strip())
                for user_login in user_dict:
                    if user_login["userName"] == name and user_login["passwd"] == passwd:
                        current_dict["userName"] = name
                        current_dict["Login"] = True
                        ret =func(*args,**kwargs)
                        return  ret
                else:  #全部遍历循环完成没有合适的登录用户报错
                    print("您输入用户名或密码错误！！！")
            return wrapper
    return auto_vaild
@auto(auto_type="filedb")
def  index():
    print("欢迎您来到京东商城！")
# @auto_vaild
# def payfor(name):
#     print("%s您支付！"%name)
# @auto_vaild
# def collect(name):
#     print("%s请你收藏好！"%name)
#     return "欢迎下次购买"

index()
# payfor("欢欢")
# print(collect("欢欢"))

三 嵌套装饰：插入两种不同类型的功能

import time
def abc(fun):
    def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
        print("函数开始工作！")
        ret = fun(*args,**kwargs)
        print("函数结束工作！")
        return ret
    return  wrapper
def timer(fun):
    def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
        start_time = time.time()
        ret = fun(*args,**kwargs)
        stop_time = time.time()
        print("程序运行时间:%s"%(stop_time-start_time))
        return  ret
    return wrapper

@abc
@timer
def calc(num):
    ret = 0
    for i in range(num):
        ret += i
    return ret
# print(calc(10000))
calc(100000)

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/qilvzhuiche/p/9387682.html