串口操作需要注意的几点如下:
1、如果是USB转串口;则需要安装USB转串口驱动,附件有此驱动。
2、串口打开状态最好不要直接插拔串口,可能会导致中控板或者串口线烧坏。
3、使用串口调试工具CEIWEI,下一章节会贴上使用教程
简单的串口收发通信,有以下步骤:
1、打开制定的串口、绑定串口接收事件
2、初始化串口指令
3、发送串口指令
-------打开串口代码--------
/// <summary>
/// 打开串口
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strPortName">串口号</param>
/// <param name="nRate">波特率</param>
/// <param name="nDataBit">数据位</param>
/// <param name="stopBits">停止位</param>
/// /// <param name="nParity">校验位</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool OpenSerial(string strPortName, int nRate, int nDataBit, float nStopBits, int nParity)
{
//这里就是绑定串口接收回调事件,即发送一条串口命令,发送成功,则会触发此事件进入ReciceSerialData方法,我们就进行判断发送成功还是失败。
serial.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(ReciveSerialData);
serial.PortName = strPortName;//串口号
serial.BaudRate = nRate;//波特率
float f = nStopBits;//停止位
if (f == 0)
{
serial.StopBits = StopBits.None;
}
else if (f == 1.5)
{
serial.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
}
else if (f == 1)
{
serial.StopBits = StopBits.One;
}
else
{
serial.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
}
serial.DataBits = nDataBit;//数据位
if (nParity == 0) //校验位
{
serial.Parity = Parity.None;
}
else if (nParity == 1)
{
serial.Parity = Parity.Odd;
}
else if (nParity == 2)
{
serial.Parity = Parity.Even;
}
else
{
serial.Parity = Parity.None;
}
serial.ReadTimeout = 3000;//设置超时读取时间
serial.WriteTimeout = 500;//超时写入时间
try
{
if (!serial.IsOpen)
{
serial.Open();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
return false;
}
return true;
}
-------使用实例--------
//定义串口对象
private SerialPort serial = new SerialPort();
//在按钮Click事件里调用打开串口的方法,串口COM号参数以本机具体串口号为准,COM1除外,如果只有COM1则需要安装串口驱动,见附件
private void btnOpenSerial_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (!OpenSerial("COM3", 115200, 8, 1, 0))
{
//串口打开失败
MessageBox.Show("串口打开失败!");
}
}
-------初始化串口命令、发送指令-------
注:我这个命令并不是通用的,是根据我这边的中控板协议;发对应的命令,但是其他中控板的命令格式也是差不多的
/// <summary>
/// 初始化串口命令
/// </summary>
/// <param name="nStaus">操作类型</param>
public void InitialSerialCommand(int nStaus)
{
byte[] btyData = new byte[100];
btyData[0] = 0x5A;
btyData[1] = 0x55;
btyData[2] = 0x00;
btyData[3] = 0x00;
btyData[4] = 0x02;
btyData[5] = 0xD1;
btyData[6] = 0x00;
btyData[7] = 0x18;
btyData[8] = 0x6A;
btyData[9] = 0x69;
//开灯
if (nStaus == 0)
{
btyData[6] = 0x01;
}
//全关
else
{
btyData[6] = 0x00;
}
//发送指令
if (serial != null)
{
try
{
SerialWrite(0, btyData);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
}
}
}
---------串口回调方法-----------
/// <summary>
/// 接收数据事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void ReciveSerialData(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
if (serial.BytesToRead == 0)
{
return;
}
byte[] btyReciveData = new byte[serial.BytesToRead];
byte[] btyResoureData = new byte[btyReciveData.Length];
string strData = string.Empty;
int intSp = serial.Read(btyReciveData, 0, btyReciveData.Length);//在此就可以读取到当前缓冲区内的数据
int i = 0;
string[] hex = new string[] { "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" };
for (i = 0; i < btyReciveData.Length; i++)
{
btyResoureData[i] = Convert.ToByte(("0x" + (hex[btyReciveData[i] / 16]).ToString() + (hex[btyReciveData[i] % 16]).ToString()), 16);
}
for (int a = 0; a < btyReciveData.Length; a++)
{
strData += btyResoureData[a].ToString("X2");
}
//若串口命令发送成功,则会返回和发送指令一样的指令,我发送的指令是(5A55000002D101186A69 );返回的也是(5A55000002D101186A69 );则可以判定串口数据交互成功。
if (strData.IndexOf("5A55000002D101186A69") >= 0)
{
//发送成功
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
}
}
DEMO实例:https://files.cnblogs.com/files/henryzong/%E4%B8%B2%E5%8F%A3%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1DEMO.zip
串口驱动:https://files.cnblogs.com/files/henryzong/%E4%B8%B2%E5%8F%A3%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8.zip
串口调试工具:https://files.cnblogs.com/files/henryzong/%E4%B8%B2%E5%8F%A3%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7.zip