Linux下时钟框架实践---一款芯片的时钟树配置

关键词：时钟、PLL、Mux、Divider、Gate、clk_summary等。

时钟和电源是各种设备的基础设施，整个时钟框架可以抽象为几种基本的元器件：负责提供晶振

Linux内核提供了良好的CCF(Common Clock Framework)，框架的两端一个是provider，一个是consumer。

provider指的是提供时钟模块，包括晶振、PLL、Mux、Divider、Gate等，consumer指的是使用这些时钟的模块。

 

1. Linux时钟框架基础

相关文档对时钟框架做了详细的介绍：《Linux common clock framework(1)_概述》、《Linux common clock framework(2)_clock provider》、《Linux common clock framework(3)_实现逻辑分析》以及《Common Clock Framework系统结构》。

这里简单罗列一下相关知识。

1.1 编写时钟provider驱动

provider包含基本硬件元素：Oscillator/Crystal-提供时钟晶振、PLL-倍频、Mux-多路选择、Divider-分频器、Gate-控制开关，还有Fixed-Divider-固定分频器。

这些硬件都可以抽象成一种类型的时钟，所有类型的时钟都可以通过struct clk_hw描述。

struct clk_hw {
    struct clk_core *core;
    struct clk *clk;
    const struct clk_init_data *init;
};

struct clk_core {
    const char        *name;
    const struct clk_ops    *ops;
    struct clk_hw        *hw;
    struct module        *owner;
    struct clk_core        *parent;
    const char        **parent_names;
    struct clk_core        **parents;
    u8            num_parents;
    u8            new_parent_index;
    unsigned long        rate;
    unsigned long        req_rate;
    unsigned long        new_rate;
    struct clk_core        *new_parent;
    struct clk_core        *new_child;
    unsigned long        flags;
    bool            orphan;
    unsigned int        enable_count;
    unsigned int        prepare_count;
    unsigned long        min_rate;
    unsigned long        max_rate;
    unsigned long        accuracy;
    int            phase;
    struct hlist_head    children;
    struct hlist_node    child_node;
    struct hlist_head    clks;
    unsigned int        notifier_count;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
    struct dentry        *dentry;
    struct hlist_node    debug_node;
#endif
    struct kref        ref;
};
struct clk_init_data {
    const char        *name;
    const struct clk_ops    *ops;
    const char        * const *parent_names;
    u8            num_parents;
    unsigned long        flags;
};
struct clk_ops {
    int        (*prepare)(struct clk_hw *hw);
    void        (*unprepare)(struct clk_hw *hw);
    int        (*is_prepared)(struct clk_hw *hw);
    void        (*unprepare_unused)(struct clk_hw *hw);
    int        (*enable)(struct clk_hw *hw);
    void        (*disable)(struct clk_hw *hw);
    int        (*is_enabled)(struct clk_hw *hw);
    void        (*disable_unused)(struct clk_hw *hw);
    unsigned long    (*recalc_rate)(struct clk_hw *hw,
                    unsigned long parent_rate);
    long        (*round_rate)(struct clk_hw *hw, unsigned long rate,
                    unsigned long *parent_rate);
    int        (*determine_rate)(struct clk_hw *hw,
                      struct clk_rate_request *req);
    int        (*set_parent)(struct clk_hw *hw, u8 index);
    u8        (*get_parent)(struct clk_hw *hw);
    int        (*set_rate)(struct clk_hw *hw, unsigned long rate,
                    unsigned long parent_rate);
    int        (*set_rate_and_parent)(struct clk_hw *hw,
                    unsigned long rate,
                    unsigned long parent_rate, u8 index);
    unsigned long    (*recalc_accuracy)(struct clk_hw *hw,
                       unsigned long parent_accuracy);
    int        (*get_phase)(struct clk_hw *hw);
    int        (*set_phase)(