java中 什么是映射,groupingby和Collectors(Java)中的映射之间有什么区别?

Take a look at this piece of code.

// group by price, uses 'mapping' to convert List to Set

Map> result =

items.stream().collect(

Collectors.groupingBy(Item::getPrice,

Collectors.mapping(Item::getName, Collectors.toSet())

)

);

Is groupingBy and Mapping interchangeable? What is their differences?

For the third parameter in collect(), would I get the same output type Map if I used Collectors.toList() instead of Collectors.toSet()? I heard that toList() is a more popular option.

解决方案

No, the two are completely different.

Collectors.groupingBy takes a function which creates keys and returns a collector which returns a map from keys to collections of objects in the stream which have that same key.

Collectors.mapping, on the other hand, takes a function and another collector, and creates a new collector which first applies the function and then collects the mapped elements using the given collectors. Thus, the following are equivalent:

items.stream().map(f).collect(c);

items.stream().collect(Collectors.mapping(f, c));

Collectors.mapping is most useful in situations where you do not have a stream, but you need to pass a collector directly. An example of such a situation is when using Collectors.groupingBy.

items.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Item::getPrice, Collectors.toSet()))

yields a Map> (assuming getPrice() returns a BigDecimal). However,

items.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Item::getPrice,

Collectors.mapping(Item::getName, Collectors.toSet())))

returns a Map>. Before collecting the items, it first applies Item.getName to them.