mysql is_mysql中is null语句的用法分享

mysql数据库中is null语句的用法

注意在mysql中，0或 null意味着假而其它值意味着真。布尔运算的默认真值是1。

对null的特殊处理即是在前面的章节中，为了决定哪个动物不再是活着的，使用death is not null而不使用death != null的原因。

在group by中，两个null值视为相同。

执行order by时，如果运行 order by ... asc，则null值出现在最前面，若运行order by ... desc，则null值出现在最后面。

null操作的常见错误是不能在定义为not null的列内插入0或空字符串，但事实并非如此。在null表示"没有数值"的地方有数值

。使用is [not] null则可以很容易地进行测试

is null or = null

mysql>

mysql> create table topic(

->    topicid     smallint not null auto_increment primary key,

->    name        varchar(50) not null,

->    instock     smallint unsigned not null,

->    onorder     smallint unsigned not null,

->    reserved    smallint unsigned not null,

->    department  enum('classical', 'popular') not null,

->    category    varchar(20) not null,

->    rowupdate   timestamp not null

-> );

query ok, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql>

mysql>

mysql> insert into topic (name,          instock, onorder, reserved, department,   category) values

->                   ('java',          10,      5,       3,        'popular',    'rock'),

->                   ('css',    10,      5,       3,        'classical',  'opera'),

->                   ('c sharp',       17,      4,       1,        'popular',    'jazz'),

->                   ('c',             9,       4,       2,        'classical',  'dance'),

->                   ('c++',           24,      2,       5,        'classical',  'general'),

->                   ('perl',          16,      6,       8,        'classical',  'vocal'),

->                   ('python',        2,       25,      6,        'popular',    'blues'),

->                   ('php',           32,      3,       10,       'popular',    'jazz'),

->                   ('asp.net',       12,      15,      13,       'popular',    'country'),

->                   ('vb.net',        5,       20,      10,       'popular',    'new age'),

->                   ('vc.net',        24,      11,      14,       'popular',    'new age'),

->                   ('uml',           42,      17,      17,       'classical',  'general'),

->                   ('www.java2s.com',25,      44,      28,       'classical',  'dance'),

->                   ('oracle',        32,      15,      12,       'classical',  'general'),

->                   ('pl/sql',        20,      10,      5,        'classical',  'opera'),

->                   ('sql server',    23,      12,      8,        'classical',  'general');

query ok, 16 rows affected (0.00 sec)

records: 16  duplicates: 0  warnings: 0

mysql>

mysql> select * from topic;

+---------+----------------+---------+---------+----------+------------+----------+---------------------+

| topicid | name           | instock | onorder | reserved | department | category | rowupdate           |

+---------+----------------+---------+---------+----------+------------+----------+---------------------+

|       1 | java           |      10 |       5 |        3 | popular    | rock     | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|       2 | javascript     |      10 |       5 |        3 | classical  | opera    | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|       3 | c sharp        |      17 |       4 |        1 | popular    | jazz     | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|       4 | c              |       9 |       4 |        2 | classical  | dance    | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|       5 | c++            |      24 |       2 |        5 | classical  | general  | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|       6 | perl           |      16 |       6 |        8 | classical  | vocal    | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|       7 | python         |       2 |      25 |        6 | popular    | blues    | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|       8 | php            |      32 |       3 |       10 | popular    | jazz     | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|       9 | asp.net        |      12 |      15 |       13 | popular    | country  | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|      10 | vb.net         |       5 |      20 |       10 | popular    | new age  | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|      11 | vc.net         |      24 |      11 |       14 | popular    | new age  | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|      12 | uml            |      42 |      17 |       17 | classical  | general  | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|      13 | www.java2s.com |      25 |      44 |       28 | classical  | dance    | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|      14 | oracle         |      32 |      15 |       12 | classical  | general  | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|      15 | pl/sql         |      20 |      10 |        5 | classical  | opera    | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

|      16 | sql server     |      23 |      12 |        8 | classical  | general  | 2007-07-23 19:09:45 |

+---------+----------------+---------+---------+----------+------------+----------+---------------------+

16 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

mysql>

mysql> select name, department, category

-> from topic

-> where category is null

-> order by name;

empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

mysql>

mysql>

mysql> select name, department, category

-> from topic

-> where category = null

-> order by name;

empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

mysql>

mysql> drop table topic;

query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

<=>null: null不等空

null意味着“没有值”或www.3ppt.com“未知值”，且它被看作与众不同的值。为了测试null，你不能使用算术比较 操作符例如=、

mysql>

mysql> select name, department, category

-> from topic

-> where category<=>null

-> order by name;

empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

mysql> drop table topic;

query ok, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

is not null

mysql> select name, department, category

-> from topic

-> where category is not null

-> order by name;

+----------------+------------+----------+

| name           | department | category |

+----------------+------------+----------+

| asp.net        | popular    | country  |

| c              | classical  | dance    |

| c sharp        | popular    | jazz     |

| c++            | classical  | general  |

| java           | popular    | rock     |

| javascript     | classical  | opera    |

| oracle         | classical  | general  |

| perl           | classical  | vocal    |

| php            | popular    | jazz     |

| pl/sql         | classical  | opera    |

| python         | popular    | blues    |

| sql server     | classical  | general  |

| uml            | classical  | general  |

| vb.net         | popular    | new age  |

| vc.net         | popular    | new age  |

| www.java2s.com | classical  | dance    |

+----------------+------------+----------+

16 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

mysql> drop table topic;

query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)