图像处理之基于图的广度优先搜索组件标记算法
一:图的遍历与广度优先搜索算法
图的遍历算法最常用是广度优先搜索算法(BFS)与深度优先搜索算法(DFS),从一个的
节点开始,访问相邻的所有子节点,接着从这些子节点出发访问下个相邻子节点,如
此重复直到所有节点都被访问。
二:二值图像组件标记实现流程
如果把图像的每个像素点看成为图的一个节点,则二值图像中的每个连通区域都可以
看成一个无向图,只要遍历图像中的每个像素点就可以找出每个连通区域,实现对二
值图像连通区域组件的标记。大致步骤为:
1. 扫描图像的每个像素点,获得位置信息与图像的灰度值强度(0~255)成为图的节点
2. 对每个节点,初始化状态与获取它的上下左右四个邻域节点
1. 遍历每个节点- BFS
2. 输出结果与显示
三:运行效果
四:关键程序实现代码
图的搜索算法,节点状态有三种,未访问(Unvisit),已经访问(Visited),已经标记(Marked)
package com.gloomyfish.p_w_picpath.watershed;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* Breath First Search for graphics
* @author gloomyfish
*
*/
public class BFSAlgorithm {
private List<PixelPoint> pixelList = null;
private int grayLevel = 1;
public int getGrayLevel() {
return grayLevel;
}
public int getTotalOfLabels()
{
Map<Integer, Integer> labelMap = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
for(PixelPoint p : pixelList)
{
if(p.getValue() >= grayLevel)
{
if(labelMap.containsKey(p.getLabel()))
{
Integer count = labelMap.get(p.getLabel());
count += 1;
labelMap.put(p.getLabel(), count);
}
else
{
labelMap.put(p.getLabel(), new Integer(1));
}
}
}
Integer[] keys = labelMap.keySet().toArray(new Integer[0]);
for(Integer key : keys)
{
System.out.println("Label index : " + key);
}
System.out.println("total labels : " + labelMap.size());
return labelMap.size();
}
public void setGrayLevel(int grayLevel) {
this.grayLevel = grayLevel;
}
public BFSAlgorithm(List<PixelPoint> pixelList)
{
this.pixelList = pixelList;
grayLevel = 1; // front color - target pixel
}
public void process()
{
if(this.pixelList == null) return;
int label = 1;
for(PixelPoint pp : pixelList)
{
if(pp.getValue() >= grayLevel)
{
if(pp.getStatus() == PixelPoint.UNMARKED)
{
pp.setStatus(PixelPoint.VISITED);
pp.setLabel(label);
MyQueue mq = new MyQueue(10000);
for(PixelPoint npp : pp.getNeighbours())
{
if(npp.getStatus() == PixelPoint.UNMARKED && npp.getValue() >= grayLevel)
{
npp.setStatus(PixelPoint.MARKED);
mq.enqueue(npp);
}
}
while(!mq.isEmpty())
{
PixelPoint obj = (PixelPoint)mq.dequeue();
if(obj.getStatus() == PixelPoint.MARKED)
{
obj.setLabel(label);
obj.setStatus(PixelPoint.VISITED);
}
for(PixelPoint nnpp : obj.getNeighbours())
{
if(nnpp.getStatus() == PixelPoint.UNMARKED && nnpp.getValue() >= grayLevel)
{
nnpp.setStatus(PixelPoint.MARKED);
mq.enqueue(nnpp);
}
}
}
label++;
}
}
}
}
}
图像组件标记算法代码:
package com.gloomyfish.p_w_picpath.watershed;
import java.awt.p_w_picpath.BufferedImage;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.gloomyfish.filter.study.AbstractBufferedImageOp;
/**
* work for binary p_w_picpath
* @author fish
*
*/
public class LabelledConnectedRegionAlg extends AbstractBufferedImageOp {
@Override
public BufferedImage filter(BufferedImage src, BufferedImage dest) {
int width = src.getWidth();
int height = src.getHeight();
if ( dest == null )
dest = createCompatibleDestImage( src, null );
List<PixelPoint> pixelList = new ArrayList<PixelPoint>();
int[] inPixels = new int[width*height];
int[] outPixels = new int[width*height];
getRGB( src, 0, 0, width, height, inPixels );
int index = 0;
for(int row=0; row<height; row++) {
for(int col=0; col<width; col++) {
index = row * width + col;
PixelPoint p = new PixelPoint(row, col, (inPixels[index] >> 16) & 0xff);
pixelList.add(p);
}
}
for(int row=0; row<height; row++) {
for(int col=0; col<width; col++) {
index = row * width + col;
PixelPoint p = pixelList.get(index);
// add four neighbors for each pixel
if((row - 1) >= 0)
{
index = (row-1) * width + col;
p.addNeighour(pixelList.get(index));
}
if((row + 1) < height)
{
index = (row+1) * width + col;
p.addNeighour(pixelList.get(index));
}
if((col - 1) >= 0)
{
index = row * width + col-1;
p.addNeighour(pixelList.get(index));
}
if((col+1) < width)
{
index = row * width + col+1;
p.addNeighour(pixelList.get(index));
}
}
}
BFSAlgorithm bfs = new BFSAlgorithm(pixelList);
bfs.process();
int labels = bfs.getTotalOfLabels();
int unit = 255 / (labels+1);
// post process - color different labels
for(int row=0; row<height; row++) {
int ta = 0, tr = 0, tg = 0, tb = 0;
for(int col=0; col<width; col++) {
index = row * width + col;
PixelPoint p = pixelList.get(index);
ta = 255;
if(p.getLabel() > 0)
{
tr = 0; // unit * p.getLabel();
tg = unit * p.getLabel();
tb = unit * p.getLabel();
}
else
{
tr = p.getValue();
tg = p.getValue();
tb = p.getValue();
}
outPixels[index] = (ta << 24) | (tr << 16) | (tg << 8) | tb;
}
}
setRGB( dest, 0, 0, width, height, outPixels );
return dest;
}
}
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转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/gloomyfish/1400250