一共有三种方法来训练自己的图片模型:
- 拿到数据集和准备好的代码,从头训练。(需要数据集集大,训练时间长)
- 冰冻-迁移学习(本文要练习的)
- 和迁移学习类似,只是训练好的参数会当初始值参与训练,并且学习率调的很低
迁移学习-基于inception模型的迁移学习
第一步是下载tesorflow教程代码github.com/tensorflow/…
第二步是下载要训练的数据集www.robots.ox.ac.uk/~vgg/data/(我下载了5个分类)
然后利用参数设置之后进行训练: 编写了一个windows里的批处理文件(bat)
python E:/tf2/tensorflow-master/tensorflow/examples/image_retraining/retrain.py ^
--bottleneck_dir bottleneck ^
--how_many_traing_steps 200 ^
--model_dir E:/tf2/inception_model/ ^
--output_graph output_graph.pb ^
--image_dir E:/tf2/retrain/data
pause
复制代码
训练完之后得到一个。pb格式的图流,bottleneck文件夹中是计算训练集得到的数据。
在另一个通根目录下的tmp文件夹中一个tensorboard中的,一个是保存好的模型。设计检测模型的检测是否友好
使用类似于juejin.im/post/5aa249…链接中使用训练好的模型对涂片进行分类,代码如下:
import tensorflow as tf
import os
import numpy as np
import re
from PIL import Image
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
lines = tf.gfile.GFile('retrain/output_labels.txt').readlines()
uid_to_human = {}
#一行一行读取数据
for uid, line in enumerate(lines):
#去掉换行符
line = line.strip('\n')
uid_to_human[uid] = line
def id_to_string(node_id):
if node_id not in uid_to_human:
return ''
return uid_to_human[node_id]
#创建一个图来存放google训练好的模型 #2 load graph
with tf.gfile.FastGFile('retrain/output_graph.pb', 'rb') as f:
graph_def = tf.GraphDef()
graph_def.ParseFromString(f.read())
tf.import_graph_def(graph_def, name='')
with tf.Session() as sess:
softmax_tensor = sess.graph.get_tensor_by_name('final_result:0')
#遍历目录
for root, dirs, files in os.walk('retrain/images/'):
for file in files:
#载入图片
image_data = tf.gfile.FastGFile(os.path.join(root,file), 'rb').read()
predictions = sess.run(softmax_tensor, {'DecodeJpeg/contents:0': image_data})#图片格式是jpg格式
predictions = np.squeeze(predictions)#把结果转为1维
#打印图片路径及名称
image_path = os.path.join(root,file)
print(image_path)
#显示图片
img = Image.open(image_path)
plt.imshow(img)
plt.axis('off')
plt.show()
#排序
top_k = predictions.argsort()[::-1]
print(top_k)
for node_id in top_k:
#获取分类名称
human_string = id_to_string(node_id)
#获取该分类的置信度
score = predictions[node_id]
print('%s (score = %.5f)' % (human_string, score))
print()
复制代码
结果如下: (我偷懒在训练集拿的图片,所以准确度很高)
retrain/images/105806915_a9c13e2106_n.jpg
[0 1 3 4 2]
daisy (score = 0.99892)
dandelion (score = 0.00098)
sunflowers (score = 0.00006)
tulips (score = 0.00003)
roses (score = 0.00000)
retrain/images/107592979_aaa9cdfe78_m.jpg
[0 3 1 4 2]
daisy (score = 0.90189)
sunflowers (score = 0.08454)
dandelion (score = 0.00644)
tulips (score = 0.00542)
roses (score = 0.00170)
retrain/images/10791227_7168491604.jpg
[4 2 3 0 1]
tulips (score = 0.72338)
roses (score = 0.24626)
sunflowers (score = 0.02642)
daisy (score = 0.00245)
dandelion (score = 0.00150)
retrain/images/11746080_963537acdc.jpg
[4 2 0 1 3]
tulips (score = 0.93767)
roses (score = 0.05531)
daisy (score = 0.00390)
dandelion (score = 0.00241)
sunflowers (score = 0.00072)
复制代码
拿到数据集和准备好的代码,从头训练
- 将图片转为tfrecord文件
import tensorflow as tf
import os
import random
import math
import sys
#验证集数量
_NUM_TEST = 500
#随机种子
_RANDOM_SEED = 0
#数据块
_NUM_SHARDS = 5
#数据集路径
DATASET_DIR = "E:/tf2/slim/images/"
#标签文件名
LABELS_FILENAME = "E:/tf2/slim/images/labels.txt"
#定义tfrecord文件的路径+名字
def _get_dataset_filename(dataset_dir, split_name, shard_id):
output_filename = 'image_%s_%05d-of-%05d.tfrecord' % (split_name, shard_id, _NUM_SHARDS)
return os.path.join(dataset_dir,output_filename)
#判断tfrecord文件是不是存在
def _dataset_exists(dataset_dir):
for split_name in ['train', 'test']:
for shard_id in range(_NUM_SHARDS):
#定义tfrecord文件的路径+名称
output_filename = _get_dataset_filename(dataset_dir, split_name, shard_id)
if not tf.gfile.Exists(output_filename):
return False
return True
#获取所有文件以及分类
def _get_filenames_and_classes(dataset_dir):
#数据目录
directories = []
#分类名称
class_names = []
for filename in os.listdir(dataset_dir):
#合并文件路径
path = os.path.join(dataset_dir, filename)
#判断该路劲是不是目录
if os.path.isdir(path):
#加入数据目录
directories.append(path)
#加入类别名称
class_names.append(filename)
photo_filenames = []
#循环每个分类的文件夹
for directory in directories:
for filename in directory:
path = os.path.join(directory, filename)
#把图片加入图片列表
photo_filenames.append(path)
return photo_filenames, class_names
def int64_feature(values):
if not isinstance(values, (tuple, list)):
values = [values]
return tf.train.Feature(int64_list=tf.train.Int64List(value=values))
def bytes_feature(values):
return tf.train.Feature(bytes_list=tf.train.BytesList(value=values))
def image_to_tfexample(image_data, image_format, class_id):
return tf.train.Example(features=tf.train.Features(feature={
'image/encoded': bytes_feature(image_data),
'image/format': bytes_feature(image_format),
'image/class/label': int64_feature(class_id),
}))
def write_label_file(labels_to_class_names, dataset_dir, filename=LABELS_FILENAME):
labels_filename = os.path.join(dataset_dir, filename)
with tf.gfile.Open(labels_filename, 'w') as f:
for label in labels_to_class_names:
class_name = labels_to_class_names[label]
f.write('%d:%s\n' % (label, class_name))
#把数据转化为tfrecord格式
def _convert_dataset(split_name, filenames, class_names_to_ids, dataset_dir):
assert split_name in ['train', 'test']
#计算每个数据块有多少数据
num_per_shard = int(len(filenames) / _NUM_SHARDS)
with tf.Graph().as_default():
with tf.Session() as sess:
for shard_id in range(_NUM_SHARDS):
#定义tfrecord文件的路径
output_filename = _get_dataset_filename(dataset_dir, split_name, shard_id)
with tf.python_io.TFRecordWriter(output_filename) as tfrecord_writer:
#每个数据块开始/结束的位置
start_ndx = shard_id * num_per_shard
end_ndx = min((shard_id+1) * num_per_shard, len(filenames))
for i in range(start_ndx, end_ndx):
try:
sys.stdout.write('\r>> Converring image %d/%d shard %d' % (i+1, len(filenames), shard_id))
sys.stdout.flush()
#读取图片
image_data = tf.gfile.FastGFile(filenames[i], 'r').read()
#获得图片的类别名称
class_name = os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(filenames[i]))
#找到类别对应的id
class_id = class_names_to_ids[class_name]
#生成tfrecord文件
example = image_to_tfexample(image_data, b'jpg',class_id)
tfrecord_writer.write(example.SerializeToString())
except IOError as e:
print("could not read: ", filenames[i])
print("error: ", e)
print("skip it \n")
sys.stdout.write('\n')
sys.stdout.flush()
if __name__ == '__main__':
#判断tfrecord文件是不是存在
if _dataset_exists(DATASET_DIR):
print("tfrecord文件已存在")
else:
#获得所有图片以及分类
photo_filenames, class_names = _get_filenames_and_classes(DATASET_DIR)
#把分类转为字典格式,类似于{‘house’: 3, 'flower': 1, .....}
class_names_to_ids = dict(zip(class_names, range(len(class_names))))
#吧数据切分为训练集和测试集
random.seed(_RANDOM_SEED)
random.shuffle(photo_filenames)
training_filenames = photo_filenames[_NUM_TEST:]
testing_filenames = photo_filenames[:_NUM_TEST]
#数据转化
_convert_dataset('train', training_filenames, class_names_to_ids, DATASET_DIR)
_convert_dataset('test', testing_filenames, class_names_to_ids,DATASET_DIR)
#输出Labels文件
labels_to_class_name = dict(zip(range(len(class_names)), class_names))
write_label_file(labels_to_class_name, DATASET_DIR)
复制代码