Google API 文档之Opengl ES（一）-CSDN博客

1.在Manifest文件中

//指定使用的opengl es 版本
<uses-feature android:glEsVersion = "0x00020000" android:required = "true" />
//如果您的应用程序使用纹理压缩，您还必须声明应用程序支持哪些压缩格式，以便它仅安装在兼容的设备上。
<supports-gl-texture android:name = "GL_OES_compressed_ETC1_RGB8_texture" />
<supports-gl-texture android:name = "GL_OES_compressed_paletted_texture" />复制代码

2.画一个简单的三角形

(1) Activity 文件

package com.example.zhpeng.okhttptest.opengl;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class OpenglesActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TrtiangleView mGLView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        // Create a GLSurfaceView instance and set it
        // as the ContentView for this Activity.
        //创建一个GLSurfaceView实例，并将其设置为该Activity的ContentView。
        mGLView = new TrtiangleView(this);
        setContentView(mGLView);
    }
}复制代码

(2) Render文件

package com.example.zhpeng.okhttptest.opengl;

import android.opengl.GLES20;
import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;

import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;
import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;

/**
 * Created by zhpeng on 2017/10/25.
 *创建一个Render类 实现GLSurfaceView.Renderer
 */

public class TriangleRender implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {

    private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer;
    private Triangle triangle;

    @Override
    public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
        // Set the background frame color
        //设置背景帧颜色
        GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);//4个参数分别对应 R,G,B,A
        triangle = new Triangle();
    }

    //横竖屏切换时调用
    @Override
    public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
        GLES20.glViewport(0,0,width,height);//设置窗口大小
    }

    @Override
    public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
        //Redraw background color 重新绘制背景颜色
        GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
        triangle.draw();
    }


    public static int loadShader(int type, String shaderCode) {
        // create a vertex shader type (GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER) 创建一个顶点着色类型
        // or a fragment shader type (GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER) 或者一个片段着色器类型
        int shader = GLES20.glCreateShader(type);

        // add the source code to the shader and compile it 将源代码添加到着色器并编译它
        GLES20.glShaderSource(shader, shaderCode);
        GLES20.glCompileShader(shader);

        return shader;
    }
}复制代码

（3）图形对象Triangle

网上找的关于着色器的知识

www.jianshu.com/p/36277c51f…

package com.example.zhpeng.okhttptest.opengl;

import android.opengl.GLES20;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;

/**
 * Created by zhpeng on 2017/10/25.
 */

public class Triangle {
    // number of coordinates per vertex in this array 这个数组中每个顶点的坐标数
    static final int COORDS_PER_VERTEX = 3;
    static float triangleCoords[] = {   // in counterclockwise order: 以逆时针顺序:
            0.0f,  0.622008459f, 0.0f, // top
            -0.5f, -0.311004243f, 0.0f, // bottom left
            0.5f, -0.311004243f, 0.0f  // bottom right
    };
    // Set color with red, green, blue and alpha (opacity) values 
    //设置红色、绿色、蓝色和alpha(不透明度)值的颜色
    float color[] = { 0.63671875f, 0.76953125f, 0.22265625f, 1.0f };
    private final int vertexCount = triangleCoords.length / COORDS_PER_VERTEX; //顶点数量
    private final int vertexStride = COORDS_PER_VERTEX * 4; // 4 bytes per vertex 每个顶点4字节


    private final String vertexShaderCode =
            "attribute vec4 vPosition;" +
                    "void main() {" +
                    "  gl_Position = vPosition;" +  //gl_Position为当前顶点的最终位置
                    "}";

    private final String fragmentShaderCode =
            "precision mediump float;" +
                    "uniform vec4 vColor;" +
                    "void main() {" +
                    "  gl_FragColor = vColor;" + //gl_FragColor为当前片段最终输出的颜色
                    "}";
    private final FloatBuffer vertexBuffer; //顶点坐标数据缓冲 



    private final int mProgram;
    private int mPositionHandle;
    private int mColorHandle;

    public Triangle() {
        // initialize vertex byte buffer for shape coordinates 为形状坐标初始化顶点字节缓冲
        ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(
                // (number of coordinate values * 4 bytes per float) 坐标值的数字*一个float的字节数4
                triangleCoords.length * 4);
        // use the device hardware's native byte order 使用设备硬件的本地字节顺序
        bb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());

        // create a floating point buffer from the ByteBuffer 从ByteBuffer创建一个浮点缓冲区
        vertexBuffer = bb.asFloatBuffer();
        // add the coordinates to the FloatBuffer 将坐标添加到浮动缓冲区
        vertexBuffer.put(triangleCoords);
        // set the buffer to read the first coordinate 设置缓冲区来读取第一个坐标
        vertexBuffer.position(0);
        int vertexShader = TriangleRender.loadShader(GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER,
                vertexShaderCode);
        int fragmentShader = TriangleRender.loadShader(GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER,
                fragmentShaderCode);

        // create empty OpenGL ES Program 创建空的OpenGL ES程序
        mProgram = GLES20.glCreateProgram();

        // add the vertex shader to program 将顶点着色器添加到程序中
        GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, vertexShader);

        // add the fragment shader to program 将片段着色器添加到程序中
        GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, fragmentShader);

        // creates OpenGL ES program executables 创建OpenGL ES程序可执行文件
        GLES20.glLinkProgram(mProgram);
    }


    public void draw(){
        // Add program to OpenGL ES environment 将程序添加到OpenGL ES环境中
        GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram);

        // get handle to vertex shader's vPosition member 对顶点着色器的vPosition number 进行处理
        mPositionHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "vPosition");

        // Enable a handle to the triangle vertices 对三角形顶点启用句柄
        GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);

        // Prepare the triangle coordinate data 准备三角坐标数据
        GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(mPositionHandle, COORDS_PER_VERTEX,
                GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false,
                vertexStride, vertexBuffer);

        // get handle to fragment shader's vColor member 获取片段着色器的vColor成员的句柄
        mColorHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "vColor");

        // Set color for drawing the triangle 绘制三角形的颜色
        GLES20.glUniform4fv(mColorHandle, 1, color, 0);

        // Draw the triangle 画三角形
        GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertexCount);

        // Disable vertex array 禁用顶点数组
        GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
    }
}复制代码

(3)GLSurfaceView 文件

package com.example.zhpeng.okhttptest.opengl;

import android.content.Context;
import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;

/**
 * Created by zhpeng on 2017/10/25.
 */

public class TrtiangleView extends GLSurfaceView{

    private final TriangleRender triangleRender;

    public TrtiangleView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        // Create an OpenGL ES 2.0 context 创建OpenGL ES 2.0的上下文
        setEGLContextClientVersion(2);
        triangleRender = new TriangleRender();
        // Set the Renderer for drawing on the GLSurfaceView 在GLSurfaceView上设置渲染器
        setRenderer(triangleRender);
        // Render the view only when there is a change in the drawing data 只有当绘图数据发生变化时才呈现视图
        setRenderMode(RENDERMODE_WHEN_DIRTY);
    }

}复制代码