python deleter_Python类总结-封装(Property, setter, deleter)

Property

#property

#内置装饰器函数,只在面向对象中使用

from math import pi

class Circle:

def __init__(self,r ):

self.r = r

@property

def perimeter(self):#property属性不能传递任何参数

return 2*pi*self.r

@property

def area(self):

return self.r**2*pi

c1 = Circle(5)

# print(c1.area()) #不加property目前定义的是个方法,圆的面积应该是属性,故用@property装饰

print(c1.perimeter) #调用不用加()

print(c1.area)

利用Setter修改Property装饰的变量

class Person:

def __init__(self, name):

self.__name = name

@property

def name(self):

return self.__name + 'sb'

@name.setter #定义一个方法.setter,必须和property装饰同名的方法

def name(self,new_name):

self.__name = new_name

#实现了property装饰的变量的修改操作

tiger = Person('泰哥')

print(tiger.name)

tiger.name = '全部'

print(tiger.name)

>>>>

泰哥sb

全部sb

Property的实际应用场景 --某个属性需要经过一些计算或操作而得出的结果,通常定义为一个方法然后用Property装饰

class Goods:

discount = 0.5

def __init__(self,name, price):

self.name = name

self.__price = price #折扣前价格定义为私有的

@property

def price(self): #折扣后的价格定义为一个方法并用property装饰,进行一些操作

return self.__price*Goods.discount

apple = Goods('苹果', 5)

print(apple.price)

Property的删除-deleter

class Person:

def __init__(self,name):

self.__name = name

@property

def name(self):

return self.__name

@name.deleter #property装饰的变量.deleter

def name(self):

del self.__name#执行删除私有变量

@name.setter #设置一个新的变量

def name(self,new_name): #可以传递一个变量

self.__name = new name

brother2 = Person('二哥')

print(brother2.name)

del brother2.name #删除某个私有变量

print(brother2.name)

>>>>

二哥

File "C:/Users/jwang2/PycharmProjects/PlayPy/Demo/S9-day25-封装.py", line 139, in

print(brother2.name)

File "C:/Users/jwang2/PycharmProjects/PlayPy/Demo/S9-day25-封装.py", line 131, in name

return self.__name

AttributeError: 'Person' object has no attribute '_Person__name'