(1)功能测试需要用到Capybara、DatabaseCleaner、Launchy
(2)Capybara使用例如click_link、fill_in和visit,来模拟用户在浏览器中和应用程序交互的过程
(3)功能测试应该用feature替换掉describe,用scenario替换it
例:
feature 'User management' do
scenario "adds a new user" do
admin = create(:admin)
visit root_path
click_link 'Log In'
fill_in 'Email', wirh: admin.email
fill_in 'Password', with: admin.password
click_button 'Log In'
visit root_path
expect do
click_link 'Users'
click_link 'New User'
fill_in 'Email', with: 'newuser@example.com'
find('#password').fill_in 'Password', with: 'secret123'
find('#password_confirmation').fill_in 'Password confirmation', with:‘secret123’
click_button 'Create User'
end.to change(User, :count).by(1)
expect(current_path).to eq users_path
expect(page).to have_content 'New user created'
within 'h1' do
expect(page).to have_content 'Users'
end
expect(page).to have_content 'newuser@exaple.com'
end
end
(4)find('#password')通过dom元素的id查找,我们还可以通过XPath路径查找,或者使用普通的文本查找,例如click_link 'Users',如果没找到测试会报错
(5)within用来限定查找指定区域,within 'h1'表示只在<h1>标签中查找
(6)功能测试中,一个测试用例或场景中可以包含多个期望
(7)Capybara 2.0对DSL句法做了一些该表,用功能测试替换了请求测试,请求测试仅仅用于API接口测试
(8)feature和scenario仅用与功能测试,功能测试中用background对应before,given对应let,同时feature不能嵌套
(9)Launchy用于把功能测试当前渲染也面保存到一个临时文件夹,然后在系统默认浏览器中打开
(10)Launchy使用方法,在想看页面的地方加入save_and_open_page
(11)Capybara默认的Web启动是Rack::Test,无法处理JavaScript,可以使用Selenium来模拟JavaScript
(12)Selenium使用,只需要在需要js交互的scenario的block前加上js: true就可以了
(13)使用Selenium的同时,需要是用Database Cleaner处理数据库事务,为了将事务清理干净
(14)Database Cleaner配置:
spec/spec_helper.rb
RSpec.configure do |config|
config.use_transactional_fixtures = false
config.before(:suite) do
DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :truncation
end
config.before(:each) do
DatabaseCleaner.start
end
config.after(:each) do
DatabaseCleaner.clean
end
end
spec/support/shared_db_connection.db
class ActiveRecord::Base
mattr_accessor :shared_connection
@@shard_connection = nil
def self.connection
@@shared_connection || retrieve_connection
end
end
ActiveRecord::Base.shared_connection = ActiveRecord::Base.connection