在开发过程中经常会遇到需要使用环形缓冲的地方,比如在流媒体方面,对于接收到的音视频数据的存储、以及音频解码后PCM数据的存储等问题上,最好使用一个环形缓冲,接收到,或者解码后压入该缓冲区中,在需要解码,或者需要塞入声卡时,再从该缓冲区中读取,这样压入和取出同一个缓冲区,既方便快捷,又安全有效。源码如下:
typedef char s8;
typedef unsigned char u8;
typedef short s16;
typedef unsigned short u16;
typedef int s32;
typedef unsigned int u32;
typedef unsigned uint32_t;
typedef void *FIFOBUFFERHANDLE; //定义一个指针,方便外部引用
#ifndef _max
#define _max(a, b) a > b ? a : b
#endif
#ifndef _min
#define _min(a, b) a > b ? b : a
#endif
//定义一个结构体,用于记录该缓冲区的开始、读取、写入、接收的内存地址
typedef struct _TFIFOBUFFER
{
u8 *pu8Buffer, *pu8Read, *pu8Write, *pu8End;
}TFIFOBUFFER, *PTFIFOBUFFER;
//创建一个指定大小的缓冲区
FIFOBUFFERHANDLE FifoBufferCreate(s32 s32Size)
{
PTFIFOBUFFER ptFifoBuffer = NULL;
do
{
ptFifoBuffer = (PTFIFOBUFFER)malloc(sizeof(TFIFOBUFFER));
if(NULL == ptFifoBuffer)
{
break;
}
memset(ptFifoBuffer, 0, sizeof(TFIFOBUFFER));
ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer = (u8 *)malloc(s32Size);
if(NULL == ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer)
{
break;
}
memset(ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer, 0, s32Size);
ptFifoBuffer->pu8Write = ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read = ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer;
ptFifoBuffer->pu8End = ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer + s32Size;
if(NULL == ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer)
{
break;
}
return (FIFOBUFFERHANDLE)ptFifoBuffer;
}while(false);
if(NULL != ptFifoBuffer)
{
if(NULL != ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer)
{
free(ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer);
ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer = NULL;
}
free(ptFifoBuffer);
ptFifoBuffer = NULL;
}
return NULL;
}
//释放一个缓冲区
void FifoBufferDestroy(FIFOBUFFERHANDLE pHandle)
{
PTFIFOBUFFER ptFifoBuffer = (PTFIFOBUFFER)pHandle;
if(NULL != ptFifoBuffer)
{
if(NULL != ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer)
{
free(ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer);
ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer = NULL;
}
free(ptFifoBuffer);
ptFifoBuffer = NULL;
}
}
//重置缓冲区中读写指针
void FifoBufferReset(FIFOBUFFERHANDLE pHandle)
{
PTFIFOBUFFER ptFifoBuffer = (PTFIFOBUFFER)pHandle;
if(NULL != ptFifoBuffer)
{
ptFifoBuffer->pu8Write = ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read = ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer;
}
}
//获取大小
int FifoBufferSize(FIFOBUFFERHANDLE pHandle)
{
s32 s32Size = 0;
PTFIFOBUFFER ptFifoBuffer = (PTFIFOBUFFER)pHandle;
if(NULL != ptFifoBuffer)
{
s32Size = ptFifoBuffer->pu8Write - ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read;
if(s32Size < 0)
{
s32Size += ptFifoBuffer->pu8End - ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer;
}
}
return s32Size;
}
//向缓冲区中写入数据
s32 FifoBufferWrite(FIFOBUFFERHANDLE pHandle, u8 *pu8Buffer, s32 s32Size)
{
s32 s32Length = 0;
PTFIFOBUFFER ptFifoBuffer = (PTFIFOBUFFER)pHandle;
if(NULL == ptFifoBuffer)
{
return 0;
}
do
{
s32Length = _min(ptFifoBuffer->pu8End - ptFifoBuffer->pu8Write, s32Size);
memcpy(ptFifoBuffer->pu8Write, pu8Buffer, s32Length);
pu8Buffer = pu8Buffer + s32Length;
ptFifoBuffer->pu8Write += s32Length; //向后偏移写指针
//如果缓冲区写指针到达了缓冲区尾部,则将写指针移动到缓冲区开始地址,实现真正的环 //形缓冲
if(ptFifoBuffer->pu8Write >= ptFifoBuffer->pu8End)
{
ptFifoBuffer->pu8Write = ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer;
}
s32Size -= s32Length;
}while(s32Size > 0);
return 1;
}
//读数据
s32 FifoBufferRead(FIFOBUFFERHANDLE pHandle, u8 *pu8Buffer, s32 *ps32Size)
{
s32 s32Length = 0, pTempSize = (*ps32Size);
PTFIFOBUFFER ptFifoBuffer = (PTFIFOBUFFER)pHandle;
if(NULL == ptFifoBuffer || NULL == pu8Buffer || 0 > pTempSize)
{
return 0;
}
if(0 == pTempSize)
{
(*ps32Size) = 0;
return 1;
}
(*ps32Size) = 0;
do
{
s32Length = _min(FifoBufferSize(pHandle), pTempSize);
s32Length = _min(ptFifoBuffer->pu8End - ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read, s32Length);
if(0 == s32Length)
{
break;
}
memcpy(pu8Buffer, ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read, s32Length);
pu8Buffer = pu8Buffer + s32Length;
ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read = ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read + s32Length;//向后偏移读指针
//如果缓冲区读指针到达了缓冲区尾部,则将读指针移动到缓冲区开始地址,实现真正的环 //形缓冲
if(ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read >= ptFifoBuffer->pu8End)
{
ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read = ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer;
}
pTempSize -= s32Length;
(*ps32Size) += s32Length;
}while(pTempSize > 0);
return 1;
}
s32 FifoBufferShade(FIFOBUFFERHANDLE pHandle, s32 s32Offset)
{
PTFIFOBUFFER ptFifoBuffer = (PTFIFOBUFFER)pHandle;
if(NULL != ptFifoBuffer)
{
if((ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read + s32Offset) > ptFifoBuffer->pu8End)
{
return *(ptFifoBuffer->pu8Buffer + (s32Offset - (ptFifoBuffer->pu8End - ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read)));
}
else
{
return *(ptFifoBuffer->pu8Read + s32Offset);
}
}
return 0;
}
使用该缓冲区时,初始化一块大小合适的内存,并在外部进行加锁,同时需要读写操作保持基本一致,即可;如果用户设置的缓冲区过小,或者读写速率差距较大,则会造成用户数据的丢失。
以上代码使用纯C写的,当然也可以使用C++进行编写,写一个类,借助string类能开发出一套更简洁的缓冲缓冲代码,只要注意逻辑实现不出问题即可。
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/cto521/1585962