python中的词汇问题_scikitlearn中词汇匹配的问题？

我有一个满是.txt文件(文档)的目录。首先，我load删除一些文档，去掉一些括号并删除一些引号，因此文档如下所示，例如：document1:

is a scientific discipline that explores the construction and study of algorithms that can learn from data Such algorithms operate by building a model

document2:

Machine learning can be considered a subfield of computer science and statistics It has strong ties to artificial intelligence and optimization which deliver methods

所以我从目录中加载文件如下：

^{pr2}$

然后，我尝试将document1和{}矢量化，以创建如下训练矩阵：from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import HashingVectorizer

vectorizer = HashingVectorizer(analyzer='word')

X = HashingVectorizer.fit_transform(documents)

X.toarray()

这是输出：raise ValueError("empty vocabulary; perhaps the documents only"

ValueError: empty vocabulary; perhaps the documents only contain stop words

我怎样才能创建一个向量表示呢？。我以为我携带的是documents中加载的文件，但似乎无法安装这些文档。在