C++中Override的两个例子

/*

 * main.cc

 *

 *  Created on: 2008-8-5

 *      Author: Administrator

 */

#include <iostream>

class Base

{

public:

    virtual Base *clone(){ std::cout << "Base::clone() \n"; return new Base;}

};

class Derived : public Base

{

public:

    Derived *clone(){ std::cout << "Derived::clone() \n"; return new Derived;}

};

int main(int arg, char **args)

{

    Derived *pd = new Derived;

    pd->clone();

    Base *pb = pd;

    pb->clone();

    return 0;

}

结果：

Derived::clone()
Derived::clone()

可以看到，虽然返回类型不完全相同，但是父类中返回值是一个指针或引用，子类override时可以返回这个指针（或引用）的派生,可见这种情况下，override成功了

再看下例：

#include <iostream>

class Base

{

public:

    virtual Base *clone(){ std::cout << "Base::clone() \n"; return new Base;}

    virtual void copy(Base&){ std::cout << "Base::copy() \n"; }

};

class Derived : public Base

{

public:

    Derived *clone(){ std::cout << "Derived::clone() \n"; return new Derived;}

    void copy(Derived&) { std::cout << "Derived::copy() \n"; }

};

int main(int arg, char **args)

{

    Derived d;

    Base b;

    Derived *pd = new Derived;

    pd->copy(d);

    Base *pb = pd;

    pb->copy(b);

    return 0;

}

结果：

Derived::copy()
Base::copy()

可见这种情况下，override并没有发生，hide发生了

将

void copy(Derived&) { std::cout << "Derived::copy() \n"; }

改为：

void copy(Base&) { std::cout << "Derived::copy() \n"; }

则可以override成功！