java future 繁琐_java异步计算Future

从jdk1.5开始我们可以利用Future来跟踪异步计算的结果。在此之前主线程要想获得工作线程(异步计算线程)的结果是比较麻烦的事情，需要我们进行特殊的程序结构设计，比较繁琐而且容易出错。有了Future我们就可以设计出比较优雅的异步计算程序结构模型：根据分而治之的思想，我们可以把异步计算的线程按照职责分为3类：

1. 异步计算的发起线程(控制线程)：负责异步计算任务的分解和发起，把分解好的任务交给异步计算的work线程去执行，发起异步计算后，发起线程可以获得Futrue的集合，从而可以跟踪异步计算结果

2. 异步计算work线程：负责具体的计算任务

3. 异步计算结果收集线程：从发起线程那里获得Future的集合，并负责监控Future的状态，根据Future的状态来处理异步计算的结果。

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Random;

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

import java.util.concurrent.Future;

public class AsyncController {

//线程池

private ExecutorService executorService;

//保存异步计算的Future

private FutureContext context;

public AsyncController() {

this.executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(100);

this.context = new FutureContext();

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

//启动异步计算

AsyncController controller = new AsyncController();

controller.startAsyncCompution();

//启动异步计算结果输出线程，该线程扫描异步计算Futrue的状态，如果已经完成，则输出异步计算结果

OutputResult output = new OutputResult();

output.setFutureContext(controller.getFutureContext());

Thread resultThread = new Thread(output);

resultThread.start();

}

public FutureContext getFutureContext() {

return this.context;

}

public void startAsyncCompution() {

/**

* 开启100个异步计算，每个异步计算线程随机sleep几秒来模拟计算耗时。

*/

final Random random = new Random();

for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {

Future future = this.executorService

.submit(new Callable() {

@Override

public String call() throws Exception {

int randomInt = random.nextInt(10);

Thread.sleep(randomInt * 1000);

return "" + randomInt;

}

});

//每个异步计算的结果存放在context中

this.context.addFuture(future);

}

}

public static class FutureContext {

private List> futureList = new ArrayList>();

public void addFuture(Future future) {

this.futureList.add(future);

}

public List> getFutureList() {

return this.futureList;

}

}

public static class OutputResult implements Runnable {

private FutureContext context;

public void setFutureContext(FutureContext context) {

this.context = context;

}

@Override

public void run() {

System.out.println("start to output result:");

List> list = this.context.getFutureList();

for (Future future : list) {

this.outputResultFromFuture(future);

}

System.out.println("finish to output result.");

}

private void outputResultFromFuture(Future future) {

try {

while (true) {

if (future.isDone() && !future.isCancelled()) {

System.out.println("Future:" + future + ",Result:"

+ future.get());

break;

} else {

Thread.sleep(1000);

}

}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}