mysql黑盒测试_MySQL 官方 Auto-Failover 功能测试

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-13 14:03:45 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-08-13 14:03:45 发布

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文章标签： mysql黑盒测试

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_34668160/article/details/113715740

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本文档详细介绍了如何在MySQL环境中配置主从复制和自动故障转移。使用Percona Server，通过设置GTID模式，创建复制用户并初始化数据库，实现多台服务器之间的数据同步。在发生故障时，利用mysql utilities工具进行自动选主，确保服务高可用性。故障恢复后，通过手动操作可将旧主恢复为从节点。

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参考资料： http://www.clusterdb.com/mysql/replication-and-auto-failover-made-easy-with-mysql-utilities 环境介绍: master: demoenv-trial-1 slaves: demoenv-trial-2 demoenv-trial-3 1. 安装 Percona Server，在所有服务器上： $ sudo yum install ht

参考资料：

http://www.clusterdb.com/mysql/replication-and-auto-failover-made-easy-with-mysql-utilities

环境介绍:

master: demoenv-trial-1

slaves: demoenv-trial-2 demoenv-trial-3

1. 安装 Percona Server，在所有服务器上：

$ sudo yum install http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-release/percona-release-0.0-1.x86_64.rpm

$ sudo yum install Percona-Server-shared-compat

$ sudo yum install Percona-Server-server-56

$ sudo yum install http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

$ sudo yum install mysql-utilities

2. 配置 /etc/my.cnf，在所有服务器上：

注意：确保 server-id 不同且 report-host 与自身主机名相同

$ sudo vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

# basic setting

datadir = /opt/mysql/data

tmpdir = /opt/mysql/tmp

socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysqld.sock

port = 3306

pid-file = /opt/mysql/run/mysqld.pid

# innodb setting

default-storage-engine = INNODB

innodb_file_per_table = 1

log-bin = /opt/mysql/binlogs/bin-log-mysqld

log-bin-index = /opt/mysql/binlogs/bin-log-mysqld.index

innodb_data_home_dir = /opt/mysql/data

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

innodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/mysql/data

binlog-do-db = testdb

# server id

server-id=1

# gtids setting

binlog-format = ROW

log-slave-updates = true

gtid-mode = on

enforce-gtid-consistency = true

report-host = demoenv-trial-1

report-port = 3306

master-info-repository = TABLE

relay-log-info-repository = TABLE

sync-master-info = 1

# other settings

[mysqld_safe]

log-error = /opt/mysql/log/mysqld.log

pid-file = /opt/mysql/run/mysqld.pid

open-files-limit = 8192

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysqld.sock

default-character-set = utf8

3. 创建所需目录，在所有服务器上：

$ sudo mkdir -p /opt/mysql/{data,tmp,run,binlogs,log}

$ sudo chown mysql:mysql /opt/mysql/{data,tmp,run,binlogs,log}

4. 初始化数据库，在所有服务器上：

$ sudo -i

# su - mysql

$ mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data/

$ exit

# exit

$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start

5. 创建授权用户 root@'%' 以便通过 mysqlreplicate 来进行主从复制的配置，在所有服务器上：

$ mysql -uroot

mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'pass' with grant option;

mysql> quit;

6. 创建复制所需的用户，在所有服务器上：

$ mysql -uroot

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rpl'@'%' identified by 'rpl';

mysql> quit;

7. 配置主从复制，可选择任意一台服务器操作：

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysql -uroot

mysql> use mysql;

mysql> drop user root@'demoenv-trial-1';

mysql> quit;

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysqlreplicate --master=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-1':3306 --slave=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-2':3306 --rpl-user=rpl:rpl

# master on demoenv-trial-1: ... connected.

# slave on demoenv-trial-2: ... connected.

# Checking for binary logging on master...

# set up replication...

# ...done.

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysqlreplicate --master=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-1':3306 --slave=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-3':3306 --rpl-user=rpl:rpl

# master on demoenv-trial-1: ... connected.

# slave on demoenv-trial-3: ... connected.

# Checking for binary logging on master...

# set up replication...

# ...done.

8. 验证主从复制的数据完整性

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysql -uroot

mysql> create database testdb;

mysql> quit;

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysql -uroot -ppass -h'demoenv-trial-2' -e 'show databases;'

+-------------------+

| Database |

+-------------------+

| information_schema|

| mysql |

| performance_schema|

| test |

| testdb |

+-------------------+

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysql -uroot -ppass -h'demoenv-trial-3' -e 'show databases;'

+-------------------+

| Database |

+-------------------+

| information_schema|

| mysql |

| performance_schema|

| test |

| testdb |

+-------------------+

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysqlrplshow --master=rpl:rpl@'demoenv-trial-1':3306 --discover-slaves-login=root:pass;

# master on demoenv-trial-1: ... connected.

# Finding slaves for master: demoenv-trial-1:3306

# Replication Topology Graph

demoenv-trial-1:3306 (MASTER)

+--- demoenv-trial-2:3306 - (SLAVE)

+--- demoenv-trial-3:3306 - (SLAVE)

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysqlrplcheck --master=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-1' --slave=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-2'

# master on demoenv-trial-1: ... connected.

# slave on demoenv-trial-2: ... connected.

Test Description Status

---------------------

Checking for binary logging on master [pass]

Are there binlog exceptions? [WARN]

+--------+--------+-----------+

| server | do_db | ignore_db |

+--------+--------+-----------+

| master | testdb | |

+--------+--------+-----------+

Replication user exists? [pass]

Checking server_id values [pass]

Checking server_uuid values [pass]

Is slave connected to master? [pass]

Check master information file [pass]

Checking InnoDB compatibility [pass]

Checking storage engines compatibility [pass]

Checking lower_case_table_names setting [pass]

Checking slave delay (seconds behind master) [pass]

# ...done.

9. 关闭 master 测试 auto-failover

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysqlfailover --master=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-1':3306 --discover-slaves-login=root:pass --rediscover

# Discovering slaves for master at demoenv-trial-1:3306

# Discovering slave at demoenv-trial-2:3306

# Found slave: demoenv-trial-2:3306

# Discovering slave at demoenv-trial-3:3306

# Found slave: demoenv-trial-3:3306

# Checking privileges.

# Discovering slaves for master at demoenv-trial-1:3306

MySQL Replication Failover Utility

Failover Mode = auto Next Interval = Sun Oct 20 06:58:52 2013

Master Information

------------------

Binary Log File Position Binlog_Do_DB Binlog_Ignore_DB

bin-log-mysqld.00000 299 testdb

GTID Executed Set

92df196b-3906-11e3-b6b6-000c290d14d7:1

Replication Health Status

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

| demoenv-trial-1 | 3306 | MASTER | UP | ON | OK |

| demoenv-trial-2 | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK |

| demoenv-trial-3 | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK |

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

Q-quit R-refresh H-health G-GTID Lists U-UUIDs

然后，执行命令的终端就挂起了，需要另外开启一个终端来关闭master：

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysqladmin -uroot -ppass shutdown

接着，在刚刚挂起的终端上，可以看到：

Failover starting in 'auto' mode...

# Candidate slave demoenv-trial-2:3306 will become the new master.

# Checking slaves status (before failover).

# Preparing candidate for failover.

# Creating replication user if it does not exist.

# Stopping slaves.

# Performing STOP on all slaves.

# Switching slaves to new master.

# Disconnecting new master as slave.

# Starting slaves.

# Performing START on all slaves.

# Checking slaves for errors.

# Failover complete.

# Discovering slaves for master at demoenv-trial-2:3306

Failover console will restart in 5 seconds.

MySQL Replication Failover Utility

Failover Mode = auto Next Interval = Sun Oct 20 07:01:25 2013

Master Information

------------------

Binary Log File Position Binlog_Do_DB Binlog_Ignore_DB

bin-log-mysqld.00000 299 testdb

GTID Executed Set

92df196b-3906-11e3-b6b6-000c290d14d7:1

Replication Health Status

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

| demoenv-trial-2 | 3306 | MASTER | UP | ON | OK |

| demoenv-trial-3 | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK |

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

Q-quit R-refresh H-health G-GTID Lists U-UUIDs

服务器 'demoenv-trial-2' 变成了新的master。

10. 插入数据测试主从复制

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-2 ~]$ mysql -uroot

mysql> use testdb;

Database changed

mysql> CREATE TABLE `hostgroup` (

-> `hostgroup_id` tinyint(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

-> `hostgroup_name` char(20) DEFAULT NULL,

-> `hostgroup_next` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,

-> `colo_name` char(4) NOT NULL,

-> PRIMARY KEY (`hostgroup_id`)

-> ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> quit;

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-2 binlogs]$ mysql -uroot -ppass -h'demoenv-trial-3' testdb -e 'show tables;'

+-----------------+

| Tables_in_testdb|

+-----------------+

| hostgroup |

+-----------------+

11. 尝试将旧的master恢复

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysqlreplicate --master=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-2':3306 --slave=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-1':3306

# master on demoenv-trial-2: ... connected.

# slave on demoenv-trial-1: ... connected.

# Checking for binary logging on master...

# setting up replication...

# ...done.

在刚刚挂起的终端上，可以看到：

...

Replication Health Status

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

| demoenv-trial-2 | 3306 | MASTER | UP | ON | OK |

| demoenv-trial-1 | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK |

| demoenv-trial-3 | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK |

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

Q-quit R-refresh H-health G-GTID Lists U-UUIDs

将旧的master恢复

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysqlrpladmin --master=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-2':3306 --new-master=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-1':3306 --demote-master --discover-slaves-login=root:pass switchover

# Discovering slaves for master at demoenv-trial-2:3306

# Discovering slave at demoenv-trial-1:3306

# Found slave: demoenv-trial-1:3306

# Discovering slave at demoenv-trial-3:3306

# Found slave: demoenv-trial-3:3306

# Checking privileges.

# Performing switchover from master at demoenv-trial-2:3306 to slave at demoenv-trial-1:3306.

# Checking candidate slave prerequisites.

# Checking slaves configuration to master.

# Waiting for slaves to catch up to old master.

# Stopping slaves.

# Performing STOP on all slaves.

# Demoting old master to be a slave to the new master.

# Switching slaves to new master.

# Starting all slaves.

# Performing START on all slaves.

# Checking slaves for errors.

# Switchover complete.

# Replication Topology Health:

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

| demoenv-trial-1 | 3306 | MASTER | UP | ON | OK |

| demoenv-trial-2 | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK |

| demoenv-trial-3 | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK |

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

# ...done.

在刚刚挂起的终端上，可以看到：

MySQL Replication Failover Utility

Failover Mode = auto Next Interval = Sun Oct 20 07:30:07 2013

Master Information

------------------

Binary Log File Position Binlog_Do_DB Binlog_Ignore_DB

bin-log-mysqld.00000 710 testdb

GTID Executed Set

8a58172b-1efd-11e3-8cf1-000c2950fe0c:1 [...]

Replication Health Status

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+----------------------------------+

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+----------------------------------+

| demoenv-trial-2 | 3306 | MASTER | UP | ON | OK |

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+----------------------------------+

Q-quit R-refresh H-health G-GTID Lists U-UUIDs

可以看到failover在手动恢复了旧的master之后已经停止了工作。

按下Q，然后重启auto-failover：

[dong.guo@demoenv-trial-1 ~]$ mysqlfailover --master=root:pass@'demoenv-trial-1':3306 --discover-slaves-login=root:pass --rediscover

...

Replication Health Status

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

| demoenv-trial-1 | 3306 | MASTER | UP | ON | OK |

| demoenv-trial-2 | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK |

| demoenv-trial-3 | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK |

+-----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+---------------+

Q-quit R-refresh H-health G-GTID Lists U-UUIDs

它又可以工作了。

12. 对于 auto-failover 的简短总结：

它包含在mysql-utilities这个软件包中；

它只能工作在MySQL 5.6 版本上，因为需要GITDs的支持；

它可以自动选取一个slave作为新的master，当现有的master死掉以后；

但是它不能自动将旧的master恢复，并且在手动恢复了旧的master之后也会停止工作。

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mysql黑盒测试_MySQL 官方 Auto-Failover 功能测试

参考资料： http://www.clusterdb.com/mysql/replication-and-auto-failover-made-easy-with-mysql-utilities 环境介绍: master: demoenv-trial-1 slaves: demoenv-trial-2 demoenv-trial-3 1. 安装 Percona Server，在所有服务器上： $ ...
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