java zookeeper 使用_【分布式】Zookeeper使用--Java API

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-01 13:55:26 发布
最新推荐文章于 2023-07-01 13:55:26 发布
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文章标签： java zookeeper 使用
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_35986494/article/details/114071263
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一、前言

上一篇博客我们通过命令行来操作Zookeper的客户端和服务端并进行相应的操作，这篇主要介绍如何通过API(JAVA)来操作Zookeeper。

二、开发环境配置

首先打开Zookeeper服务端(上一篇博客有具体的方法)，方便客户端连接。

配置开发环境环境可以有两种方式：① 直接下载相关的依赖Jar包，然后在IDE中添加依赖 ② 建立maven项目，使用maven进行依赖管理。

① 手动添加依赖至IDE

步骤一：点击这里下载对应版本的Jar包，包括(jar、javadoc.jar、sources.jar)，笔者对应下载的Zookeeper3.4.6版本。

步骤二：打开IDE(笔者使用eclispe)，新建名为zookeeper_examples_none_maven的java项目。由于需要单独添加依赖，为了方便管理，笔者在项目下新建了jar文件夹，用于存放本项目的jar包(将步骤一下载的3个jar包存放至此文件夹下)。

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步骤三：在eclipse中添加依赖

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步骤四：新建包、Java类进行测试

Zookeeper_Constructor_Usage_Simple.java

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packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.io.IOException;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;public class Zookeeper_Constructor_Usage_Simple implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);

@Overridepublic voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {

System.out.println("Receive watched event : " +event);if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}

}public static void main(String[] args) throwsIOException {

ZooKeeper zookeeper= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, newZookeeper_Constructor_Usage_Simple());

System.out.println(zookeeper.getState());try{

connectedSemaphore.await();

}catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println("Zookeeper session established");

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/slf4j/LoggerFactory

at org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper.(ZooKeeper.java:94)

at com.hust.grid.leesf.examples.Zookeeper_Constructor_Usage_Simple.main(Zookeeper_Constructor_Usage_Simple.java:23)

Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.slf4j.LoggerFactory

at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)

at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)

at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)

at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)

...2 more

结果表明缺失LoggerFactory类，经笔者查阅资料，只需将zookeeper的lib文件夹下log4j-1.2.16.jar、slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar放如zookeeper_examples_none_maven的jar文件夹下，然后再次将其添加至IDE即可。

再次运行结果如下

CONNECTING

Receive watched event : WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:nullZookeeper session established

表示客户端已经成功连接至服务器了。

可以看到方法一相对而言比较麻烦，需要手动管理不同的依赖jar包，可以采用更成熟的依赖管理方法，即使用maven来管理Jar包。

② 使用maven管理依赖

步骤一：新建maven项目

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步骤二：配置pom.xml文件如下

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4.0.0

com.hust.grid.leesf

zookeeper_examples

0.0.1-SNAPSHOT

jar

zookeeper_examples

http://maven.apache.org

UTF-8

junit

junit

3.8.1

test

org.apache.zookeeper

zookeeper

3.4.6

log4j

log4j

1.2.16

org.slf4j

slf4j-api

1.6.1

View Code

步骤三：新建java类进行测试

Zookeeper_Constructor_Usage_Simple.java，代码同上。

运行结果如下

CONNECTING

Receive watched event : WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:nullZookeeper session established

结果也表示客户端已经成功连接至服务器。

三、操作示例

3.1  创建节点

创建节点有异步和同步两种方式。无论是异步或者同步，Zookeeper都不支持递归调用，即无法在父节点不存在的情况下创建一个子节点，如在/zk-ephemeral节点不存在的情况下创建/zk-ephemeral/ch1节点；并且如果一个节点已经存在，那么创建同名节点时，会抛出NodeExistsException异常。

① 同步方式

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packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;public class Zookeeper_Create_API_Sync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

ZooKeeper zookeeper= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, newZookeeper_Create_API_Sync_Usage());

System.out.println(zookeeper.getState());

connectedSemaphore.await();

String path1= zookeeper.create("/zk-test-ephemeral-", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("Success create znode: " +path1);

String path2= zookeeper.create("/zk-test-ephemeral-", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);

System.out.println("Success create znode: " +path2);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}

}

}

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运行结果如下

CONNECTING

Success create znode:/zk-test-ephemeral-Success create znode:/zk-test-ephemeral-0000000043

结果表明已经成功创建了临时节点和临时顺序节点，在创建顺序节点时，系统会在后面自动增加一串数字。

② 异步方式

使用异步方式于同步方式的区别在于节点的创建过程(包括网络通信和服务端的节点创建过程)是异步的，在同步接口调用过程中，开发者需要关注接口抛出异常的可能，但是在异步接口中，接口本身不会抛出异常，所有异常都会在回调函数中通过Result Code来体现。

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packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.AsyncCallback;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;public class Zookeeper_Create_API_ASync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

ZooKeeper zookeeper= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, newZookeeper_Create_API_ASync_Usage());

System.out.println(zookeeper.getState());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zookeeper.create("/zk-test-ephemeral-", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL,new IStringCallback(), "I am context. ");

zookeeper.create("/zk-test-ephemeral-", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL,new IStringCallback(), "I am context. ");

zookeeper.create("/zk-test-ephemeral-", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL,new IStringCallback(), "I am context. ");

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}

}

}class IStringCallback implementsAsyncCallback.StringCallback {public void processResult(intrc, String path, Object ctx, String name) {

System.out.println("Create path result: [" + rc + ", " + path + ", " + ctx + ", real path name: " +name);

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

CONNECTING

Create path result: [0, /zk-test-ephemeral-, I am context. , real path name: /zk-test-ephemeral-Create path result: [-110, /zk-test-ephemeral-, I am context. , real path name: nullCreate path result: [0, /zk-test-ephemeral-, I am context. , real path name: /zk-test-ephemeral-0000000045

结果表明已经成功使用异步方式创建了相应节点。

3.2 删除节点

只允许删除叶子节点，即一个节点如果有子节点，那么该节点将无法直接删除，必须先删掉其所有子节点。同样也有同步和异步两种方式。

① 同步方式

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packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;public class Delete_API_Sync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);private staticZooKeeper zk;public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

String path= "/zk-book";

zk= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000,newDelete_API_Sync_Usage());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zk.create(path,"".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

System.out.println("success create znode: " +path);

zk.create(path+ "/c1", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

System.out.println("success create znode: " + path + "/c1");try{

zk.delete(path,-1);

}catch(Exception e) {

System.out.println("fail to delete znode: " +path);

}

zk.delete(path+ "/c1", -1);

System.out.println("success delete znode: " + path + "/c1");

zk.delete(path,-1);

System.out.println("success delete znode: " +path);

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {if (EventType.None == event.getType() && null ==event.getPath()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}

}

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

success create znode: /zk-book

success create znode:/zk-book/c1

fail to delete znode:/zk-book

success delete znode:/zk-book/c1

success delete znode:/zk-book

结果表明若节点有子节点，则无法将其删除，必须先删除其所有子节点。

② 异步方式

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packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.AsyncCallback;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;public class Delete_API_ASync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);private staticZooKeeper zk;public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

String path= "/zk-book";

zk= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000,newDelete_API_ASync_Usage());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zk.create(path,"".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

System.out.println("success create znode: " +path);

zk.create(path+ "/c1", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

System.out.println("success create znode: " + path + "/c1");

zk.delete(path,-1, new IVoidCallback(), null);

zk.delete(path+ "/c1", -1, new IVoidCallback(), null);

zk.delete(path,-1, new IVoidCallback(), null);

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {if (EventType.None == event.getType() && null ==event.getPath()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}

}

}

}class IVoidCallback implementsAsyncCallback.VoidCallback {public void processResult(intrc, String path, Object ctx) {

System.out.println(rc+ ", " + path + ", " +ctx);

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

success create znode: /zk-book

success create znode:/zk-book/c1-111, /zk-book, null

0, /zk-book/c1, null

0, /zk-book, null

结果结果表明第一次删除/zk-book的时异常，ResultCode为-111。

3.3 子节点获取

读取节点的子节点列表，同样可以使用同步和异步的方式进行操作。

① 同步方式

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packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.List;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;public class Zookeeper_GetChildren_API_Sync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);private static ZooKeeper zk = null;public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

String path= "/zk-book-1";

zk= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, newZookeeper_GetChildren_API_Sync_Usage());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zk.create(path,"".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

System.out.println("success create znode: " +path);

zk.create(path+ "/c1", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("success create znode: " + path + "/c1");

List childrenList = zk.getChildren(path, true);

System.out.println(childrenList);

zk.create(path+ "/c2", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("success create znode: " + path + "/c2");

Thread.sleep(1000);

zk.create(path+ "/c3", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("success create znode: " + path + "/c3");

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {if (EventType.None == event.getType() && null ==event.getPath()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}else if (event.getType() ==EventType.NodeChildrenChanged) {try{

System.out.println("ReGet Child:" + zk.getChildren(event.getPath(), true));

}catch(Exception e) {

}

}

}

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

success create znode: /zk-book-1success create znode:/zk-book-1/c1

[c1]

success create znode:/zk-book-1/c2

ReGet Child:[c1, c2]

success create znode:/zk-book-1/c3

ReGet Child:[c3, c1, c2]

值得注意的是，Watcher通知是一次性的，即一旦触发一次通知后，该Watcher就失效了，因此客户端需要反复注册Watcher，即程序中在process里面又注册了Watcher，否则，将无法获取c3节点的创建而导致子节点变化的事件。

② 异步方式

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packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.List;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.AsyncCallback;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;importorg.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;public class Zookeeper_GetChildren_API_ASync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);private static ZooKeeper zk = null;public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

String path= "/zk-book";

zk= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, newZookeeper_GetChildren_API_ASync_Usage());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zk.create(path,"".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

System.out.println("success create znode: " +path);

zk.create(path+ "/c1", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("success create znode: " + path + "/c1");

zk.getChildren(path,true, new IChildren2Callback(), null);

zk.create(path+ "/c2", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("success create znode: " + path + "/c2");

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {if (EventType.None == event.getType() && null ==event.getPath()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}else if (event.getType() ==EventType.NodeChildrenChanged) {try{

System.out.println("ReGet Child:" + zk.getChildren(event.getPath(), true));

}catch(Exception e) {

}

}

}

}

}class IChildren2Callback implementsAsyncCallback.Children2Callback {public void processResult(int rc, String path, Object ctx, Listchildren, Stat stat) {

System.out.println("Get Children znode result: [response code: " + rc + ", param path: " + path + ", ctx: "

+ ctx + ", children list: " + children + ", stat: " +stat);

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

success create znode: /zk-book

success create znode:/zk-book/c1

Get Children znode result: [response code:0, param path: /zk-book, ctx: null, children list: [c1], stat: 2901,2901,1478226062843,1478226062843,0,1,0,0,0,1,2902success create znode:/zk-book/c2

ReGet Child:[c1, c2]

结果表示通过异步的方式可以获取子节点信息。

3.4 数据节点获取

对于节点的数据获取，同样存在同步和异步两种方式。

① 同步方式

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packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;importorg.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;public class GetData_API_Sync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);private static ZooKeeper zk = null;private static Stat stat = newStat();public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

String path= "/zk-book";

zk= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000,newGetData_API_Sync_Usage());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zk.create(path,"123".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("success create znode: " +path);

System.out.println("the data of znode " + path + " is : " + new String(zk.getData(path, true, stat)));

System.out.println("czxID: " + stat.getCzxid() + ", mzxID: " + stat.getMzxid() + ", version: " +stat.getVersion());

zk.setData(path,"123".getBytes(), -1);

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {if (EventType.None == event.getType() && null ==event.getPath()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}else if (event.getType() ==EventType.NodeDataChanged) {try{

System.out.println("the data of znode " + event.getPath() + " is : " + new String(zk.getData(event.getPath(), true, stat)));

System.out.println("czxID: " + stat.getCzxid() + ", mzxID: " + stat.getMzxid() + ", version: " +stat.getVersion());

}catch(Exception e) {

}

}

}

}

}

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运行结果如下

success create znode: /zk-book

the data of/zk-book is : 123czxID:2924, mzxID: 2924, version: 0the data of/zk-book is : 123czxID:2924, mzxID: 2925, version: 1

结果表明可以使用getData函数获取节点的数据。

② 异步方式

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packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.AsyncCallback;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;importorg.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;public class GetData_API_ASync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);private staticZooKeeper zk;public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

String path= "/zk-book";

zk= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000,newGetData_API_ASync_Usage());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zk.create(path,"123".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("success create znode: " +path);

zk.getData(path,true, new IDataCallback(), null);

zk.setData(path,"123".getBytes(), -1);

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {if (EventType.None == event.getType() && null ==event.getPath()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}else if (event.getType() ==EventType.NodeDataChanged) {try{

zk.getData(event.getPath(),true, new IDataCallback(), null);

}catch(Exception e) {

}

}

}

}

}class IDataCallback implementsAsyncCallback.DataCallback {public void processResult(int rc, String path, Object ctx, byte[] data, Stat stat) {

System.out.println("rc: " + rc + ", path: " + path + ", data: " + newString(data));

System.out.println("czxID: " + stat.getCzxid() + ", mzxID: " + stat.getMzxid() + ", version: " +stat.getVersion());

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

success create znode: /zk-book

rc:0, path: /zk-book, data: 123czxID:2932, mzxID: 2932, version: 0rc:0, path: /zk-book, data: 123czxID:2932, mzxID: 2933, version: 1

结果表明采用异步方式同样可方便获取节点的数据。

3.5 更新数据

在更新数据时，setData方法存在一个version参数，其用于指定节点的数据版本，表明本次更新操作是针对指定的数据版本进行的，但是，在getData方法中，并没有提供根据指定数据版本来获取数据的接口，那么，这里为何要指定数据更新版本呢，这里方便理解，可以等效于CAS(compare and swap)，对于值V，每次更新之前都会比较其值是否是预期值A，只有符合预期，才会将V原子化地更新到新值B。Zookeeper的setData接口中的version参数可以对应预期值，表明是针对哪个数据版本进行更新，假如一个客户端试图进行更新操作，它会携带上次获取到的version值进行更新，而如果这段时间内，Zookeeper服务器上该节点的数据已经被其他客户端更新，那么其数据版本也会相应更新，而客户端携带的version将无法匹配，无法更新成功，因此可以有效地避免分布式更新的并发问题。

① 同步方式

8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.png

961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.png

packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;importorg.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;public class SetData_API_Sync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);private staticZooKeeper zk;public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

String path= "/zk-book";

zk= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, newSetData_API_Sync_Usage());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zk.create(path,"123".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("success create znode: " +path);

zk.getData(path,true, null);

Stat stat= zk.setData(path, "456".getBytes(), -1);

System.out.println("czxID: " + stat.getCzxid() + ", mzxID: " + stat.getMzxid() + ", version: " +stat.getVersion());

Stat stat2= zk.setData(path, "456".getBytes(), stat.getVersion());

System.out.println("czxID: " + stat2.getCzxid() + ", mzxID: " + stat2.getMzxid() + ", version: " +stat2.getVersion());try{

zk.setData(path,"456".getBytes(), stat.getVersion());

}catch(KeeperException e) {

System.out.println("Error: " + e.code() + "," +e.getMessage());

}

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {if (EventType.None == event.getType() && null ==event.getPath()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}

}

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

success create znode: /zk-book

czxID:2936, mzxID: 2937, version: 1czxID:2936, mzxID: 2938, version: 2Error: BADVERSION,KeeperErrorCode= BadVersion for /zk-book

结果表明由于携带的数据版本不正确，而无法成功更新节点。其中，setData中的version参数设置-1含义为客户端需要基于数据的最新版本进行更新操作。

② 异步方式

8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.png

961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.png

packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.AsyncCallback;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;importorg.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;public class SetData_API_ASync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);private staticZooKeeper zk;public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

String path= "/zk-book";

zk= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, newSetData_API_ASync_Usage());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zk.create(path,"123".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("success create znode: " +path);

zk.setData(path,"456".getBytes(), -1, new IStatCallback(), null);

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {if (EventType.None == event.getType() && null ==event.getPath()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}

}

}

}class IStatCallback implementsAsyncCallback.StatCallback {public void processResult(intrc, String path, Object ctx, Stat stat) {

System.out.println("rc: " + rc + ", path: " + path + ", stat: " +stat);

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

success create znode: /zk-book

rc:0, path: /zk-book, stat: 2942,2943,1478228414526,1478228414545,1,0,0,96876700808708136,3,0,2942

rc(ResultCode)为0，表明成功更新节点数据。

3.6 检测节点是否存在

在调用接口时注册Watcher的话，还可以对节点是否存在进行监听，一旦节点被创建、被删除、数据更新，都会通知客户端。

① 同步方式

8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.png

961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.png

packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;public class Exist_API_Sync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);private staticZooKeeper zk;public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

String path= "/zk-book";

zk= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, // newExist_API_Sync_Usage());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zk.exists(path,true);

zk.create(path,"".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

zk.setData(path,"123".getBytes(), -1);

zk.create(path+ "/c1", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

System.out.println("success create znode: " + path + "/c1");

zk.delete(path+ "/c1", -1);

zk.delete(path,-1);

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {try{if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {if (EventType.None == event.getType() && null ==event.getPath()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}else if (EventType.NodeCreated ==event.getType()) {

System.out.println("success create znode: " +event.getPath());

zk.exists(event.getPath(),true);

}else if (EventType.NodeDeleted ==event.getType()) {

System.out.println("success delete znode: " +event.getPath());

zk.exists(event.getPath(),true);

}else if (EventType.NodeDataChanged ==event.getType()) {

System.out.println("data changed of znode: " +event.getPath());

zk.exists(event.getPath(),true);

}

}

}catch(Exception e) {

}

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

success create znode: /zk-book

data changed of znode:/zk-book

success create znode:/zk-book/c1

success delete znode:/zk-book

结果表明：

· 无论节点是否存在，都可以通过exists接口注册Watcher。

· 注册的Watcher，对节点创建、删除、数据更新事件进行监听。

· 对于指定节点的子节点的各种变化，不会通知客户端。

② 异步方式

8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.png

961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.png

packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importorg.apache.zookeeper.AsyncCallback;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;importorg.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;importorg.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;public class Exist_API_ASync_Usage implementsWatcher {private static CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);private staticZooKeeper zk;public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

String path= "/zk-book";

zk= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000,newExist_API_ASync_Usage());

connectedSemaphore.await();

zk.exists(path,true, new IIStatCallback(), null);

zk.create(path,"".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

zk.setData(path,"123".getBytes(), -1);

zk.create(path+ "/c1", "".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

System.out.println("success create znode: " + path + "/c1");

zk.delete(path+ "/c1", -1);

zk.delete(path,-1);

Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

}public voidprocess(WatchedEvent event) {try{if (KeeperState.SyncConnected ==event.getState()) {if (EventType.None == event.getType() && null ==event.getPath()) {

connectedSemaphore.countDown();

}else if (EventType.NodeCreated ==event.getType()) {

System.out.println("success create znode: " +event.getPath());

zk.exists(event.getPath(),true, new IIStatCallback(), null);

}else if (EventType.NodeDeleted ==event.getType()) {

System.out.println("success delete znode: " +event.getPath());

zk.exists(event.getPath(),true, new IIStatCallback(), null);

}else if (EventType.NodeDataChanged ==event.getType()) {

System.out.println("data changed of znode: " +event.getPath());

zk.exists(event.getPath(),true, new IIStatCallback(), null);

}

}

}catch(Exception e) {

}

}

}class IIStatCallback implementsAsyncCallback.StatCallback {public void processResult(intrc, String path, Object ctx, Stat stat) {

System.out.println("rc: " + rc + ", path: " + path + ", stat: " +stat);

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

rc: -101, path: /zk-book, stat: nullsuccess create znode:/zk-book

rc:0, path: /zk-book, stat: 2974,2974,1478229717889,1478229717889,0,0,0,0,0,0,2974data changed of znode:/zk-book

rc:0, path: /zk-book, stat: 2974,2975,1478229717889,1478229717922,1,0,0,0,3,0,2974success create znode:/zk-book/c1

success delete znode:/zk-book

rc:-101, path: /zk-book, stat: null

结果表明当节点不存在时，其rc(ResultCode)为-101。

3.7 权限控制

通过设置Zookeeper服务器上数据节点的ACL控制，就可以对其客户端对该数据节点的访问权限：如果符合ACL控制，则可以进行访问，否则无法访问。

① 使用无权限信息的Zookeeper会话访问含权限信息的数据节点

8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.png

961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.png

packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;public classAuthSample_Get {final static String PATH = "/zk-book-auth_test";public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

ZooKeeper zookeeper1= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, null);

zookeeper1.addAuthInfo("digest", "foo:true".getBytes());

zookeeper1.create(PATH,"init".getBytes(), Ids.CREATOR_ALL_ACL, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);

System.out.println("success create znode: " +PATH);

ZooKeeper zookeeper2= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, null);

zookeeper2.getData(PATH,false, null);

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

success create znode: /zk-book-auth_test

Exception in thread"main" org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException$NoAuthException: KeeperErrorCode = NoAuth for /zk-book-auth_test

at org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException.create(KeeperException.java:113)

at org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException.create(KeeperException.java:51)

at org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper.getData(ZooKeeper.java:1155)

at org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper.getData(ZooKeeper.java:1184)

at com.hust.grid.leesf.examples.AuthSample_Get.main(AuthSample_Get.java:17)

表示权限不够，不能进行操作。

② 删除带权限控制的节点

8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.png

961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.png

packagecom.hust.grid.leesf.examples;importorg.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;importorg.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;public classAuthSample_Delete {final static String PATH = "/zk-book-auth_test";final static String PATH2 = "/zk-book-auth_test/child";public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {

ZooKeeper zookeeper1= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, null);

zookeeper1.addAuthInfo("digest", "foo:true".getBytes());

zookeeper1.create(PATH,"init".getBytes(), Ids.CREATOR_ALL_ACL, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);

zookeeper1.create(PATH2,"init".getBytes(), Ids.CREATOR_ALL_ACL, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);try{

ZooKeeper zookeeper2= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, null);

zookeeper2.delete(PATH2,-1);

}catch(Exception e) {

System.out.println("fail to delete: " +e.getMessage());

}

ZooKeeper zookeeper3= new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, null);

zookeeper3.addAuthInfo("digest", "foo:true".getBytes());

zookeeper3.delete(PATH2,-1);

System.out.println("success delete znode: " +PATH2);

ZooKeeper zookeeper4= new ZooKeeper("127.00.1:2181", 5000, null);

zookeeper4.delete(PATH,-1);

System.out.println("success delete znode: " +PATH);

}

}

View Code

运行结果如下

fail to delete: KeeperErrorCode = NoAuth for /zk-book-auth_test/child

success delete znode:/zk-book-auth_test/child

success delete znode:/zk-book-auth_test

结果表明若没有权限，则无法删除节点。

四、总结

基于原生态的JAVA API的调用相对较简单，笔者后续会对源码进行分析。本博客的所有代码也同步上传至github，也谢谢各位园友的观看～

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为了提升系统的性能，进一步提高系统的吞吐能力，最近公司很多系统都在进行异步化改造。在异步化改造的过程中，肯定会比以前碰到更多的多线程问题，上周就碰到ZooKeeper客户端异步化过程中的一个死锁问题，这里说明下。 通常ZooKeeper对于同一个API，提供了同步和异步两种调用方式。 同步接口很容易理解，使用方法如下： ZooKeeper zk = new ZooKeeper(...);
Zookeeper基础 安装配置、命令操作、Curator的使用、Watch监听的使用、分布式锁、集群搭建
weixin_45195665的博客
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1 Zookeeper 概念 •Zookeeper 是 Apache Hadoop 项目下的一个子项目，是一个树形目录服务。 •Zookeeper 翻译过来就是 动物园管理员，他是用来管 Hadoop（大象）、Hive(蜜蜂)、Pig(小猪)的管理员。 Hadoop: 存储海量数据和分析海量数据的工具 Hive: 基于Hadoop的一个数据仓库工具，用来进行数据提取、转化、加载 Pig: 基于Hadoop的大规模数据分析平台 •Zookeeper 是一个开源的，分布式应用程序的协调服务。 •Zooke
Zookeeper整合JAVA应用学习笔记
yaya_jn的博客
05-09 3663
Zookeeper应用的开发主要通过java客户端API去连接和Zookeeper集群。 Zookeeper提供java客户端API： Zookeeper官方的java客户端API 第三方的java客户端API，比如Curator Zookeeper官方客户端API提供了基本操作：创建会话、创建节点、读取节点、更新数据、删除节点和检查节点是否存在等。 官方API的不足之处：（Zookeeper官方API功能比较简单，在实际开发过程中不推荐使用） Zookeeper的WatcherJ监测是一次性..
zookeeper 命令之客户端连接命令
高新富的博客
09-09 8892
1.连接成功之后界面 [root@localhost zookeeper-3.4.10]# ./bin/zkCli.sh -server 127.0.0.1:2181 ........................................................................ WATCHER:: WatchedEvent state:SyncConnect...
命令行操作Zookeeper
曹利荣的博客
04-15 282
1、命令讲解 1、#####查看所有命令 [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] help ZooKeeper -server host:port cmd args connect host:port get path [watch] ls path [watch] set path data [version] rmr path ...
JAVA-Zookeeper
06-06
Java ZooKeeper是一个开源的分布式协调服务，被广泛应用于分布式系统中。分布式系统是由多个物理主机上的多个软件组成的系统...因此，对于需要构建分布式系统的开发人员来说，掌握和使用Java ZooKeeper是非常有价值的。

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