java类拷贝_Java的拷贝

类似的文章其实已经很多了，我只是记录下自己的理解

浅拷贝：基本类型完全拷贝值传递，引用类型只是引用的传递(hashcode一致)

深拷贝：基本类型完全拷贝值传递，引用类型完全拷贝创建新对象(hashcode不同)

通过Object.clone()实现时需要注意以下2点，否则抛出CloneNotSupportedException

实现Cloneable接口

重写clone()方法

浅拷贝(Shallow Copy)

被拷贝对象实现Cloneable接口，并且重写clone()方法即可

class Kid {

private String kname;

public String getKname() {

return kname;

}

public void setKname(String kname) {

this.kname = kname;

}

@Override

public int hashCode() {

final int prime = 31;

int result = 1;

result = prime * result + ((kname == null) ? 0 : kname.hashCode());

return result;

}

@Override

public boolean equals(Object obj) {

if (this == obj)

return true;

if (obj == null)

return false;

if (getClass() != obj.getClass())

return false;

Kid other = (Kid) obj;

if (kname == null) {

if (other.kname != null)

return false;

} else if (!kname.equals(other.kname))

return false;

return true;

}

}

class BasicObj implements Cloneable {

private String name;

private Kid kid;

public BasicObj(String name, Kid kid) {

super();

this.name = name;

this.kid = kid;

}

@Override

protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

return super.clone();

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public Kid getKid() {

return kid;

}

public void setKid(Kid kid) {

this.kid = kid;

}

}

public class CopyTest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {

Kid k = new Kid();

k.setKname("Apple");

BasicObj a = new BasicObj("Hello", k);

BasicObj b = (BasicObj) a.clone();

System.out.println(a == b);

System.out.println("a.id = " + a.getName() + ", b.id = " + b.getName());

System.out.println("a.kid.name = " + a.getKid().getKname() + ", b.kid.name = " + b.getKid().getKname());

System.out.println("a.kid.hashcode = " + a.getKid().hashCode() + ", b.kid.hashcode = " + b.getKid().hashCode());

System.out.println("---------------");

//改变了引用对象的值

k.setKname("Lemon");

a.setKid(k);

//改变本地类型的值

a.setName("World");

System.out.println("a.id = " + a.getName() + ", b.id = " + b.getName());

System.out.println("a.kid.name = " + a.getKid().getKname() + ", b.kid.name = " + b.getKid().getKname());

System.out.println("a.kid.hashcode = " + a.getKid().hashCode() + ", b.kid.hashcode = " + b.getKid().hashCode());

}

}

输出

false

a.id = Hello, b.id = Hello

a.kid.name = Apple, b.kid.name = Apple

a.kid.hashcode = 63476569, b.kid.hashcode = 63476569

---------------

a.id = World, b.id = Hello

a.kid.name = Lemon, b.kid.name = Lemon

a.kid.hashcode = 73304818, b.kid.hashcode = 73304818

改变a的基本类型，b不变

改变a的引用类型，b改变

深拷贝(Deep Copy)

被拷贝对象中的对引用类型需要实现Cloneable接口，且重写clone()方法(类似递归操作，直至拷贝到基本类型为止)

//引用类型对象实现了Cloneable接口

class Kid implements Cloneable {

private String kname;

public String getKname() {

return kname;

}

public void setKname(String kname) {

this.kname = kname;

}

@Override

public int hashCode() {

final int prime = 31;

int result = 1;

result = prime * result + ((kname == null) ? 0 : kname.hashCode());

return result;

}

@Override

public boolean equals(Object obj) {

if (this == obj)

return true;

if (obj == null)

return false;

if (getClass() != obj.getClass())

return false;

Kid other = (Kid) obj;

if (kname == null) {

if (other.kname != null)

return false;

} else if (!kname.equals(other.kname))

return false;

return true;

}

@Override

protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

return super.clone();

}

}

class BasicObj implements Cloneable {

private String name;

private Kid kid;

public BasicObj(String name, Kid kid) {

super();

this.name = name;

this.kid = kid;

}

//改造clone方法，对引用类型对象Kid进行clone操作

@Override

protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

BasicObj bo = new BasicObj(name, kid);

bo.kid = (Kid) this.kid.clone();

return bo;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public Kid getKid() {

return kid;

}

public void setKid(Kid kid) {

this.kid = kid;

}

}

public class CopyTest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {

Kid k = new Kid();

k.setKname("Apple");

BasicObj a = new BasicObj("Hello", k);

BasicObj b = (BasicObj) a.clone();

System.out.println(a == b);

System.out.println("a.id = " + a.getName() + ", b.id = " + b.getName());

System.out.println("a.kid.name = " + a.getKid().getKname() + ", b.kid.name = " + b.getKid().getKname());

System.out.println("a.kid.hashcode = " + a.getKid().hashCode() + ", b.kid.hashcode = " + b.getKid().hashCode());

System.out.println("---------------");

//改变了引用对象的值

k.setKname("Lemon");

a.setKid(k);

//改变本地类型的值

a.setName("World");

System.out.println("a.id = " + a.getName() + ", b.id = " + b.getName());

System.out.println("a.kid.name = " + a.getKid().getKname() + ", b.kid.name = " + b.getKid().getKname());

System.out.println("a.kid.hashcode = " + a.getKid().hashCode() + ", b.kid.hashcode = " + b.getKid().hashCode());

}

}

输出

false

a.id = Hello, b.id = Hello

a.kid.name = Apple, b.kid.name = Apple

a.kid.hashcode = 63476569, b.kid.hashcode = 63476569

---------------

a.id = World, b.id = Hello

a.kid.name = Lemon, b.kid.name = Apple

a.kid.hashcode = 73304818, b.kid.hashcode = 63476569

改变a的基本类型，b不变

改变a的引用类型，b不变