torch、(三) Random sampling

The input tensor should be a tensor containing probabilities to be used for drawing the binary random number. Hence, all values in input have to be in the range: 0≤inputi≤10 \leq \text{input}_i \leq 10≤inputi≤1 .

The ith\text{i}^{th}ith element of the output tensor will draw a value 111 according to the ith\text{i}^{th}ith probability value given in input.

outi∼Bernoulli(p=inputi)\text{out}_{i} \sim \mathrm{Bernoulli}(p = \text{input}_{i}) outi∼Bernoulli(p=inputi)

The returned out tensor only has values 0 or 1 and is of the same shape as input.

out can have integral dtype, but input must have floating point dtype.

Parameters

input (Tensor) – the input tensor of probability values for the Bernoulli distribution
out (Tensor, optional) – the output tensor.

Example:

>>> a = torch.empty(3, 3).uniform_(0, 1)  # generate a uniform random matrix with range [0, 1]
>>> a
tensor([[ 0.1737,  0.0950,  0.3609],
        [ 0.7148,  0.0289,  0.2676],
        [ 0.9456,  0.8937,  0.7202]])
>>> torch.bernoulli(a)
tensor([[ 1.,  0.,  0.],
        [ 0.,  0.,  0.],
        [ 1.,  1.,  1.]])

>>> a = torch.ones(3, 3) # probability of drawing "1" is 1
>>> torch.bernoulli(a)
tensor([[ 1.,  1.,  1.],
        [ 1.,  1.,  1.],
        [ 1.,  1.,  1.]])
>>> a = torch.zeros(3, 3) # probability of drawing "1" is 0
>>> torch.bernoulli(a)
tensor([[ 0.,  0.,  0.],
        [ 0.,  0.,  0.],
        [ 0.,  0.,  0.]])

`torch.multinomial`(input, num_samples, replacement=False, out=None) → LongTensor

Returns a tensor where each row contains num_samples indices sampled from the multinomial probability distribution located in the corresponding row of tensor input.

Note

The rows of input do not need to sum to one (in which case we use the values as weights), but must be non-negative, finite and have a non-zero sum.

Indices are ordered from left to right according to when each was sampled (first samples are placed in first column).

If input is a vector, out is a vector of size num_samples.

If input is a matrix with m rows, out is an matrix of shape (m×num_samples)(m \times \text{num\_samples})(m×num_samples) .

If replacement is True, samples are drawn with replacement.

If not, they are drawn without replacement, which means that when a sample index is drawn for a row, it cannot be drawn again for that row.

Note

When drawn without replacement, num_samples must be lower than number of non-zero elements in input (or the min number of non-zero elements in each row of input if it is a matrix).

Parameters

input (Tensor) – the input tensor containing probabilities
num_samples (int) – number of samples to draw
replacement (bool, optional) – whether to draw with replacement or not
out (Tensor, optional) – the output tensor.

Example:

>>> weights = torch.tensor([0, 10, 3, 0], dtype=torch.float) # create a tensor of weights
>>> torch.multinomial(weights, 2)
tensor([1, 2])
>>> torch.multinomial(weights, 4) # ERROR!
RuntimeError: invalid argument 2: invalid multinomial distribution (with replacement=False,
not enough non-negative category to sample) at ../aten/src/TH/generic/THTensorRandom.cpp:320
>>> torch.multinomial(weights, 4, replacement=True)
tensor([ 2,  1,  1,  1])

`torch.normal`()

torch.normal(mean, std, out=None) → Tensor

Returns a tensor of random numbers drawn from separate normal distributions whose mean and standard deviation are given.

The mean is a tensor with the mean of each output element’s normal distribution

The std is a tensor with the standard deviation of each output element’s normal distribution

The shapes of mean and std don’t need to match, but the total number of elements in each tensor need to be the same.

Note

When the shapes do not match, the shape of mean is used as the shape for the returned output tensor

Parameters

mean (Tensor) – the tensor of per-element means
std (

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torch、(三) Random sampling

目录torch.seed()[source]torch.manual_seed(seed)[source]torch.initial_seed()[source]torch.get_rng_state()[source]torch.set_rng_state(new_state)[source]torch.default_generator Returns the defa...
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