trick(一)、格式化字符 %s %d %f %g

参考  tf.truncated_normal - 云+社区 - 腾讯云

Python print函数用法，print 格式化输出

使用print输出各型的

1. 字符串

2. 整数

3. 浮点数

4. 出度及精度控制

strHello = 'Hello Python' 
print strHello


Output:
-------------
Hello Python
-------------

1.格式化输出整数

python print也支持参数格式化，与C言的printf似，

strHello = "the length of (%s) is %d" %('Hello World',len('Hello World'))
print (strHello)


Output:
----------------------------------
the length of (Hello World) is 11
----------------------------------

2.格式化输出16制整数

nHex = 0x20
#%x --- hex 十六进制
#%d --- dec 十进制
#%d --- oct 八进制
 
print("nHex = %x,nDec = %d,nOct = %o" %(nHex,nHex,nHex))
 
Output:
------------------------------
nHex = 20,nDec = 32,nOct = 40
------------------------------

如果需要输出二进制的话，可以使用python函数 bin()

Python 2.7.6 (default, Nov 10 2013, 19:24:18) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win
32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> bin(789)
'0b1100010101'
>>>

3.格式化输出浮点数(float)

import math
#default
print("PI = %f" % math.pi)
#width = 10,precise = 3,align = left
print("PI = %10.3f" % math.pi)
#width = 10,precise = 3,align = rigth
print("PI = %-10.3f" % math.pi)
#前面填充字符
print("PI = %06d" % int(math.pi))
 
Output:
----------------
PI = 3.141593
PI =      3.142
PI = 3.142     
PI = 000003
----------------

4.格式化输出字符串(string)

#precise = 3
print("%.3s " % ("jcodeer"))
#precise = 4
print("%.*s" % (4,"jcodeer"))
#width = 10,precise = 3
print("%10.3s" % ("jcodeer"))

Output:
-------------
jco 
jcod
       jco
-------------

5.输出列表(list)

l = [1,2,3,4,'jcodeer']
print (l)
#输出结果：[1, 2, 3, 4, 'jcodeer']
#于list直接打印即可
'''6.出字典(dictionary)'''
d = {1:'A',2:'B',3:'C',4:'D'}
print (d)

Output:
---------------------------------
[1, 2, 3, 4, 'jcodeer']
{1: 'A', 2: 'B', 3: 'C', 4: 'D'}
---------------------------------

6.python print自动换行

print 会自动在行末加上回车,如果不需回车，只需在print语句的结尾添加一个逗号”,“，就可以改变它的行为。

for i in range(0,5):
    print (i)

Output:
--
0
1
2
3
4
--

或直接使用下面的函数进行输出：

sys.stdout.write("输出的字串")

7. 万能的 %r

有个同事问我python里面print “%r” 是什么用途，被问倒了。

用了这么些年的python，还没用过print %r。

网上查了一下，发现%r是一个万能的格式付，它会将后面给的参数原样打印出来，带有类型信息。

python print %r 案例

formatter = "%r %r %r %r"

print(formatter % (1, 2, 3, 4))
print(formatter % ("one", "two", "three", "four"))
print(formatter % (True, False, False, True))
print(formatter % (formatter, formatter, formatter, formatter))
print (formatter % (
    "I had this thing.",
    "That you could type up right.",
    "But it didn't sing.",
    "So I said goodnight."
))

Output:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 2 3 4
'one' 'two' 'three' 'four'
True False False True
'%r %r %r %r' '%r %r %r %r' '%r %r %r %r' '%r %r %r %r'
'I had this thing.' 'That you could type up right.' "But it didn't sing." 'So I said goodnight.'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------