首先看怎么使用
private void testStringRequest() {
String url = "http://api.k780.com/?app=weather.history&weaid=1&date=2015-07-20&appkey=10003&sign=b59bc3ef6191eb9f747dd4e83c99f2a4&format=json";
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(getApplicationContext());
StringRequest stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.GET, url, new Response.Listener<String>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(String response) {
Log.i("response:", response);
}
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
Log.e("error", error.getMessage());
}
}
);
queue.add(stringRequest);
}
首先我们第一步是根据上下文对象创建一个RequestQueue
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(getApplicationContext());
对应的源码是：
public class Volley {
/** Default on-disk cache directory. */
private static final String DEFAULT_CACHE_DIR = "volley";
/**
* Creates a default instance of the worker pool and calls {@link RequestQueue#start()} on it.
*
* @param context A {@link Context} to use for creating the cache dir.
* @param stack An {@link HttpStack} to use for the network, or null for default.
* @return A started {@link RequestQueue} instance.
*/
public static RequestQueue newRequestQueue(Context context, HttpStack stack) {
File cacheDir = new File(context.getCacheDir(), DEFAULT_CACHE_DIR);
String userAgent = "volley/0";
try {
String packageName = context.getPackageName();
PackageInfo info = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(packageName, 0);
userAgent = packageName + "/" + info.versionCode;
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
}
if (stack == null) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 9) {
stack = new HurlStack();
} else {
// Prior to Gingerbread, HttpUrlConnection was unreliable.
// See: http://android-developers.blogspot.com/2011/09/androids-http-clients.html
stack = new HttpClientStack(AndroidHttpClient.newInstance(userAgent));
}
}
Network network = new BasicNetwork(stack);
RequestQueue queue = new RequestQueue(new DiskBasedCache(cacheDir), network);
queue.start();
return queue;
}
/**
* Creates a default instance of the worker pool and calls {@link RequestQueue#start()} on it.
*
* @param context A {@link Context} to use for creating the cache dir.
* @return A started {@link RequestQueue} instance.
*/
public static RequestQueue newRequestQueue(Context context) {
return newRequestQueue(context, null);
}
}
Volley类的源码非常简单，只有80行代码我们调用的是
public static RequestQueue newRequestQueue(Context context)然后它又调用了其重载方法
public static RequestQueue newRequestQueue(Context context, HttpStack stack)所以只需要看这个重载方法就行了
首先是创建一个默认的缓存目录，然后根据上下文对象拿到包名，然后根据包名拿到包管理器，通过包管理器拿到对应的versionCode，最后拼接成userAgent字符串备用，因为下面在使用AndroidHttpClient.newInstance(userAgent)作为参数创建HttpClientStack的时候要用到，其实这里我认为代码还能够优化一下，这个获取userAgent的过程可以往后推移一下，在判断完成经行。因为下面会根据Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 9来判断是使用HttpURLConnection还是使用HttpClient，最终都是为了创建一个网络进行数据请求，同时传入了一个缓存对象。
Network network = new BasicNetwork(stack);
RequestQueue queue = new RequestQueue(new DiskBasedCache(cacheDir), network);
queue.start();接下来我们看RequestQueue的源码，只看重要部分
public class RequestQueue {
... ...省略
/** Number of network request dispatcher threads to start. */
private static final int DEFAULT_NETWORK_THREAD_POOL_SIZE = 4;
/** Cache interface for retrieving and storing responses. */
private final Cache mCache;
/** Network interface for performing requests. */
private final Network mNetwork;
/** Response delivery mechanism. */
private final ResponseDelivery mDelivery;
/** The network dispatchers. */
private NetworkDispatcher[] mDispatchers;
/** The cache dispatcher. */
private CacheDispatcher mCacheDispatcher;
private List<RequestFinishedListener> mFinishedListeners =
new ArrayList<RequestFinishedListener>();
/**
* Creates the worker pool. Processing will not begin until {@link #start()} is called.
*
* @param cache A Cache to use for persisting responses to disk
* @param network A Network interface for performing HTTP requests
* @param threadPoolSize Number of network dispatcher threads to create
* @param delivery A ResponseDelivery interface for posting responses and errors
*/
public RequestQueue(Cache cache, Network network, int threadPoolSize,
ResponseDelivery delivery) {
mCache = cache;
mNetwork = network;
mDispatchers = new NetworkDispatcher[threadPoolSize];
mDelivery = delivery;
}
/**
* Creates the worker pool. Processing will not begin until {@link #start()} is called.
*
* @param cache A Cache to use for persisting responses to disk
* @param network A Network interface for performing HTTP requests
* @param threadPoolSize Number of network dispatcher threads to create
*/
public RequestQueue(Cache cache, Network network, int threadPoolSize) {
this(cache, network, threadPoolSize,
new ExecutorDelivery(new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())));
}
/**
* Creates the worker pool. Processing will not begin until {@link #start()} is called.
*
* @param cache A Cache to use for persisting responses to disk
* @param network A Network interface for performing HTTP requests
*/
public RequestQueue(Cache cache, Network network) {
this(cache, network, DEFAULT_NETWORK_THREAD_POOL_SIZE);
}
/**
* Starts the dispatchers in this queue.
*/
public void start() {
stop(); // Make sure any currently running dispatchers are stopped.
// Create the cache dispatcher and start it.
mCacheDispatcher.start();
mCacheDispatcher = new CacheDispatcher(mCacheQueue, mNetworkQueue, mCache, mDelivery);
// Create network dispatchers (and corresponding threads) up to the pool size.
for (int i = 0; i < mDispatchers.length; i++) {
NetworkDispatcher networkDispatcher = new NetworkDispatcher(mNetworkQueue, mNetwork,
mCache, mDelivery);
mDispatchers[i] = networkDispatcher;
networkDispatcher.start();
}
}
/**
* Stops the cache and network dispatchers.
*/
public void stop() {
if (mCacheDispatcher != null) {
mCacheDispatcher.quit();
}
for (int i = 0; i < mDispatchers.length; i++) {
if (mDispatchers[i] != null) {
mDispatchers[i].quit();
}
}
}
... ...省略
/**
* Adds a Request to the dispatch queue.
* @param request The request to service
* @return The passed-in request
*/
public <T> Request<T> add(Request<T> request) {
// Tag the request as belonging to this queue and add it to the set of current requests.
request.setRequestQueue(this);
synchronized (mCurrentRequests) {
mCurrentRequests.add(request);
}
// Process requests in the order they are added.
request.setSequence(getSequenceNumber());
request.addMarker("add-to-queue");
// If the request is uncacheable, skip the cache queue and go straight to the network.
if (!request.shouldCache()) {
mNetworkQueue.add(request);
return request;
}
// Insert request into stage if there's already a request with the same cache key in flight.
synchronized (mWaitingRequests) {
String cacheKey = request.getCacheKey();
if (mWaitingRequests.containsKey(cacheKey)) {
// There is already a request in flight. Queue up.
Queue<Request<?>> stagedRequests = mWaitingRequests.get(cacheKey);
if (stagedRequests == null) {
stagedRequests = new LinkedList<Request<?>>();
}
stagedRequests.add(request);
mWaitingRequests.put(cacheKey, stagedRequests);
if (VolleyLog.DEBUG) {
VolleyLog.v("Request for cacheKey=%s is in flight, putting on hold.", cacheKey);
}
} else {
// Insert 'null' queue for this cacheKey, indicating there is now a request in
// flight.
mWaitingRequests.put(cacheKey, null);
mCacheQueue.add(request);
}
return request;
}
}
... ...省略
}
add方法
add方法中其实只是根据根据判断条件往NetworkDispatcher 或者 CacheDispatcher中添加请求（StringRequest，JsonRequest，ImageRequest），并不负责请求，网络的请求实际上是NetworkDispatcher和CacheDispatcher他们自己完成。
start方法
从上面源码我们可以看到，start方法做了什么，CacheDispatcher和NetworkDispatcher分别是两个调度线程，他们都是Thread的子类，CacheDispatcher是缓存调度线程，NetworkDispatcher是网络调度线程，在RequestQueue的构造函数中能够清楚的看到NetworkDispatcher作为一个的线程组被初始化长度是4，也就是说网络调度线程在Volley中有4条。start方法中同时开启了这两种调度线程，也就是说后Volley在后台同时开起来了5条线程等待处理请求。
RequestQueue中的start方法是被调用是在Volley通过newRequestQueue创建RequestQueue的时候，
public static RequestQueue newRequestQueue(Context context, HttpStack stack) {
File cacheDir = new File(context.getCacheDir(), DEFAULT_CACHE_DIR);
String userAgent = "volley/0";
try {
String packageName = context.getPackageName();
PackageInfo info = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(packageName, 0);
userAgent = packageName + "/" + info.versionCode;
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
}
if (stack == null) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 9) {
stack = new HurlStack();
} else {
// Prior to Gingerbread, HttpUrlConnection was unreliable.
// See: http://android-developers.blogspot.com/2011/09/androids-http-clients.html
stack = new HttpClientStack(AndroidHttpClient.newInstance(userAgent));
}
}
Network network = new BasicNetwork(stack);
RequestQueue queue = new RequestQueue(new DiskBasedCache(cacheDir), network);
queue.start();
return queue;
}
Thread，Thread的start方法和run方法有什么区别？
Thread 实现了Runnable接口，Runnable接口中的代码很简单，就只有一个抽象方法run。
因此创建线程有两张方式：
1）继承Thread类
2）实现Runnable接口，重写run方法，然后构造一个Thread对象，将Runnable的这个子类通过Thread的构造函数传递给Thread，Thread在构造函数中会调用其init方法，把这个子类继续往下传递，赋值给Thread的自变量target，然后Thread的run函数被调用的时候，实际上就是调用target.run()
start函数做了什么呢？
根据方法描述翻译过来是：
[调用start方法会]导致此线程开始执行; Java虚拟机调用此线程的 run 方法。
结果是两个线程同时运行：当前线程（从调用start方法返回）和另一个线程（执行其run方法）。（也可以说是主线程和子线程）
多次启动同一个线程是不允许的，特别是，线程完成它执行的任务后，可能就不会被重新启动了。
从方法描述上我们知道了start方法只是创建一个线程并开始执行，但是run方法是java虚拟机调用的，所以我们在源码中不会看见run方法被调用的痕迹。
因此我们这里可以解答一个问题：
start和run有什么区别？
start被调用的时候java虚拟机会创建一个线程，然后这个线程处于等待状态，一旦cpu给该线程分配时间了，这个时候该线程才会开始执行然后run方法会被虚拟机调用。两者的区别便是，start会创建一个线程，run不会创建线程，run方法只是在等待被调用，然后处理赋予该线程需要处理的事情。
那又有一个问题，可能有人会问run方法是怎么被java虚拟机调用的呢？在start方法中nativeCreate(this, stackSize, daemon);将this传给了native方法，由于更底层的代码这里看不到，但是我们可以推断，既然this作为指引被传过去，那么run方法自然就能够被拿到。
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
}
}).start();
############Thread部分源码#############
/**
* Allocates a new {@code Thread} object. This constructor has the same
* effect as {@linkplain #Thread(ThreadGroup,Runnable,String) Thread}
* {@code (null, target, gname)}, where {@code gname} is a newly generated
* name. Automatically generated names are of the form
* {@code "Thread-"+}<i>n</i>, where <i>n</i> is an integer.
*
* @param target
* the object whose {@code run} method is invoked when this thread
* is started. If {@code null}, this classes {@code run} method does
* nothing.
*/
public Thread(Runnable target) {
init(null, target, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
}
/**
* Initializes a Thread.
*
* @param g the Thread group
* @param target the object whose run() method gets called
* @param name the name of the new Thread
* @param stackSize the desired stack size for the new thread, or
* zero to indicate that this parameter is to be ignored.
*/
private void init(ThreadGroup g, Runnable target, String name, long stackSize) {
Thread parent = currentThread();
if (g == null) {
g = parent.getThreadGroup();
}
g.addUnstarted();
this.group = g;
this.target = target;
this.priority = parent.getPriority();
this.daemon = parent.isDaemon();
setName(name);
init2(parent);
/* Stash the specified stack size in case the VM cares */
this.stackSize = stackSize;
tid = nextThreadID();
}/**
* If this thread was constructed using a separate
* <code>Runnable</code> run object, then that
* <code>Runnable</code> object's <code>run</code> method is called;
* otherwise, this method does nothing and returns.
* <p>
* Subclasses of <code>Thread</code> should override this method.
*
* @see #start()
* @see #stop()
* @see #Thread(ThreadGroup, Runnable, String)
*/
@Override
public void run() {
if (target != null) {
target.run();
}
}/**
* Causes this thread to begin execution; the Java Virtual Machine
* calls the <code>run</code> method of this thread.
* <p>
* The result is that two threads are running concurrently: the
* current thread (which returns from the call to the
* <code>start</code> method) and the other thread (which executes its
* <code>run</code> method).
* <p>
* It is never legal to start a thread more than once.
* In particular, a thread may not be restarted once it has completed
* execution.
*
* @exception IllegalThreadStateException if the thread was already
* started.
* @see #run()
* @see #stop()
*/
public synchronized void start() {
/**
* This method is not invoked for the main method thread or "system"
* group threads created/set up by the VM. Any new functionality added
* to this method in the future may have to also be added to the VM.
*
* A zero status value corresponds to state "NEW".
*/
// Android-changed: throw if 'started' is true
if (threadStatus != 0 || started)
throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
/* Notify the group that this thread is about to be started
* so that it can be added to the group's list of threads
* and the group's unstarted count can be decremented. */
group.add(this);
started = false;
try {
nativeCreate(this, stackSize, daemon);
started = true;
} finally {
try {
if (!started) {
group.threadStartFailed(this);
}
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
/* do nothing. If start0 threw a Throwable then
it will be passed up the call stack */
}
}
}
CacheDispatcher
经过上面的分析我们可以清楚的知道调用链，Volley通过newRequestQueue创建RequestQueue，并调用了其start方法，然后宰割方法中分别调用了CacheDispatcher和NetworkDispatcher的start方法，开启了5条线程，当cpu给线程分配时间后，开始执行，虚拟机将会调用个线程的run方法，所以这里我们将关注点放在CacheDispatcher的run方法中，NetworkDispatcher也是一样。下面我们看看CacheDispatcher的run方法到底做了什么？
源码：
@Override
public void run() {
if (DEBUG) VolleyLog.v("start new dispatcher");
Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);//设置线程优先级，后台线程
// Make a blocking call to initialize the cache.（进行阻塞调用以初始化缓存）
mCache.initialize();
while (true) {
try {
// Get a request from the cache triage queue, blocking until
// at least one is available.
final Request<?> request = mCacheQueue.take();
request.addMarker("cache-queue-take");
// If the request has been canceled, don't bother dispatching it.
if (request.isCanceled()) {
request.finish("cache-discard-canceled");
continue;
}
// Attempt to retrieve this item from cache.
Cache.Entry entry = mCache.get(request.getCacheKey());
if (entry == null) {
request.addMarker("cache-miss");
// Cache miss; send off to the network dispatcher.
mNetworkQueue.put(request);
continue;
}
// If it is completely expired, just send it to the network.
if (entry.isExpired()) {
request.addMarker("cache-hit-expired");
request.setCacheEntry(entry);
mNetworkQueue.put(request);
continue;
}
// We have a cache hit; parse its data for delivery back to the request.
request.addMarker("cache-hit");
Response<?> response = request.parseNetworkResponse(
new NetworkResponse(entry.data, entry.responseHeaders));
request.addMarker("cache-hit-parsed");
if (!entry.refreshNeeded()) {
// Completely unexpired cache hit. Just deliver the response.
mDelivery.postResponse(request, response);
} else {
// Soft-expired cache hit. We can deliver the cached response,
// but we need to also send the request to the network for
// refreshing.
request.addMarker("cache-hit-refresh-needed");
request.setCacheEntry(entry);
// Mark the response as intermediate.
response.intermediate = true;
// Post the intermediate response back to the user and have
// the delivery then forward the request along to the network.
mDelivery.postResponse(request, response, new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
mNetworkQueue.put(request);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// Not much we can do about this.
}
}
});
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// We may have been interrupted because it was time to quit.
if (mQuit) {
return;
}
continue;
}
}
}源码分析：
我们可以看到首先会设置线程的优先级别为后台线程，然后进行阻塞调用以初始化缓存，最后通过while开启一个无限循环处理事情，我们主要也是看这个while中主要做了什么事情？
1）首先从mCacheQueue列队中获取一个request，注意如果列队中没有这里会阻塞。
2）判断这个request是否被取消了，如果被cancle了则进行下一次循环，去获取和另外的request。
3）尝试从缓存中检索是否存在request所请求的项目，从代码中我们可以看到mCache.get(request.getCacheKey())，然后看看getCacheKey返回的是什么，就是我们请求的url地址，所以说Volley缓存资源的时候使用的就是请求地址。
/**
* Returns the cache key for this request. By default, this is the URL.
*/
public String getCacheKey() {
return getUrl();
}4）在获取到资源后，紧接着会判断其是否已经过期了，如果过期了就将这个请求转给NetworkDispatcher从网络上重新获取新资源。
5）当我们获取的资源没有过期，说明我们缓存的资源被request的uil匹配到了，注释中说的是命中，也就是这个意思。
6）将命中的资源返回，这里是做了判断的，如果原始数据源不需要刷新，就会把命中的数据直接返回给请求，如果原始数据源需要被刷新，那么这个请求将会重新交给网络分发线程处理，重新去网络上请求数据。
7）过期时间判断，通过的是时间比较，那这个sfotTtl在哪里赋值的呢？有个com.android.volley.toolbox.HttpHeaderParser类，在他的parseCacheHeaders方法中，看下面源码，可以得出结论这个缓存时间是有服务器返回的资源头部说明决定的，可以没有缓存，有缓存的就通过max-age作为key取出缓存时间来。
public boolean refreshNeeded() {
return this.softTtl < System.currentTimeMillis();
}public static Cache.Entry parseCacheHeaders(NetworkResponse response) {
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
Map<String, String> headers = response.headers;
long serverDate = 0;
long lastModified = 0;
long serverExpires = 0;
long softExpire = 0;
long finalExpire = 0;
long maxAge = 0;
long staleWhileRevalidate = 0;
boolean hasCacheControl = false;
boolean mustRevalidate = false;
String serverEtag = null;
String headerValue;
headerValue = headers.get("Date");
if (headerValue != null) {
serverDate = parseDateAsEpoch(headerValue);
}
headerValue = headers.get("Cache-Control");
if (headerValue != null) {
hasCacheControl = true;
String[] tokens = headerValue.split(",");
for (int i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++) {
String token = tokens[i].trim();
if (token.equals("no-cache") || token.equals("no-store")) {
return null;
} else if (token.startsWith("max-age=")) {
try {
maxAge = Long.parseLong(token.substring(8));
} catch (Exception e) {
}
} else if (token.startsWith("stale-while-revalidate=")) {
try {
staleWhileRevalidate = Long.parseLong(token.substring(23));
} catch (Exception e) {
}
} else if (token.equals("must-revalidate") || token.equals("proxy-revalidate")) {
mustRevalidate = true;
}
}
}
headerValue = headers.get("Expires");
if (headerValue != null) {
serverExpires = parseDateAsEpoch(headerValue);
}
headerValue = headers.get("Last-Modified");
if (headerValue != null) {
lastModified = parseDateAsEpoch(headerValue);
}
serverEtag = headers.get("ETag");
// Cache-Control takes precedence over an Expires header, even if both exist and Expires
// is more restrictive.
if (hasCacheControl) {
softExpire = now + maxAge * 1000;
finalExpire = mustRevalidate
? softExpire
: softExpire + staleWhileRevalidate * 1000;
} else if (serverDate > 0 && serverExpires >= serverDate) {
// Default semantic for Expire header in HTTP specification is softExpire.
softExpire = now + (serverExpires - serverDate);
finalExpire = softExpire;
}
Cache.Entry entry = new Cache.Entry();
entry.data = response.data;
entry.etag = serverEtag;
entry.softTtl = softExpire;
entry.ttl = finalExpire;
entry.serverDate = serverDate;
entry.lastModified = lastModified;
entry.responseHeaders = headers;
return entry;
}
NetworkDispatcher
NetworkDispatcher的run方法是什么时候开始运行的，上面已经讲了，下面直接看源码分析，这里同样会通过while开启一个无限循环，不断重请求列队中获取request
1）从列队中获取request
2）入股欧能获取到，检查当前request是否被cancle了
3）当SDK > 14 会根据当前request给线程标记tag，源码中的解释是：设置活动标记，以便在计算来自当前线程的{@link Socket}流量时使用。每个线程只支持一个活动标记。
4）网络通过request请求资源
5）看是否当前请求被重复了，如果重复了就不请求了
6）解析服务器返回的response
7）检查是否允许缓存，如果允许则缓存本地
8）将根据当前request获取到资源返回
源码
@Override
public void run() {
Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
while (true) {
long startTimeMs = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
Request<?> request;
try {
// Take a request from the queue.
request = mQueue.take();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// We may have been interrupted because it was time to quit.
if (mQuit) {
return;
}
continue;
}
try {
request.addMarker("network-queue-take");
// If the request was cancelled already, do not perform the
// network request.
if (request.isCanceled()) {
request.finish("network-discard-cancelled");
continue;
}
addTrafficStatsTag(request);
// Perform the network request.
NetworkResponse networkResponse = mNetwork.performRequest(request);
request.addMarker("network-http-complete");
// If the server returned 304 AND we delivered a response already,
// we're done -- don't deliver a second identical response.
if (networkResponse.notModified && request.hasHadResponseDelivered()) {
request.finish("not-modified");
continue;
}
// Parse the response here on the worker thread.
Response<?> response = request.parseNetworkResponse(networkResponse);
request.addMarker("network-parse-complete");
// Write to cache if applicable.
// TODO: Only update cache metadata instead of entire record for 304s.
if (request.shouldCache() && response.cacheEntry != null) {
mCache.put(request.getCacheKey(), response.cacheEntry);
request.addMarker("network-cache-written");
}
// Post the response back.
request.markDelivered();
mDelivery.postResponse(request, response);
} catch (VolleyError volleyError) {
volleyError.setNetworkTimeMs(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startTimeMs);
parseAndDeliverNetworkError(request, volleyError);
} catch (Exception e) {
VolleyLog.e(e, "Unhandled exception %s", e.toString());
VolleyError volleyError = new VolleyError(e);
volleyError.setNetworkTimeMs(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startTimeMs);
mDelivery.postError(request, volleyError);
}
}
}
到此Volley源码的大流程就如上所说
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