sed字符串打印
打印文本中的内容有3个方法,
第一个方法是使用p
来打印一行内容,
第二个方法是使用等号=
打印出来行号,
第三个方法是使用小写字母L(l
)打印一行。比如文件value的内容为
This is line 1, num is 134
This is line 2, num is 158
This is line 3, num is 238
This is line 4, num is 849
This is line 5, num is 666
This is line 6, num is 899
1 打印一行内容
比如输入:
cat value |sed 'p'
运行后输出结果为:
This is line 1
This is line 1
This is line 2
This is line 2
This is line 3
This is line 3
This is line 4
This is line 4
This is line 5
This is line 5
This is line 6
This is line 6
配合-n
和p
使用,则只把匹配的行打印出来。比如输入
sed -n '/line 4/p' value
运行后输出:
This is line 4
或者输入:
sed -n '1,3p' value
运行后输出结果为:
This is line 1
This is line 2
This is line 3
也可以把很多指令都组合起来,比如输入:
sed -n '/3/{p;s/line 3/substitute 3/p}' value
运行后输出:
This is line 3
This is substitute 3
可以看出这条命令首先使用p把包含3的行打印出来,然后使用把包含line 3的行替换后再打印出来。
2 打印出行号
输入:
sed '=' value
运行后结果为:
1
This is line 1
2
This is line 2
3
This is line 3
4
This is line 4
5
This is line 5
6
This is line 6
再比如输入:
sed -n '/line 3/{=;p}' value
运行后结果为:
3
This is line 3
3 用-l(小写的L)打印不可打印字符
对于不可打印字符,一般自动使用八进制
前加一个反斜线表示,或者使用C语言的命名方法,比如制表符使用\t
表示。注意行尾的换行符使用美元符号$
表示。输入:
sed -n '/line 2/{l;p}' value
运行后结果为:
This is line 2$
This is line 2