一、简介
之前用多线程模拟2PC事务提交的博客。自己用多线程去解决分布式事务是比较痛苦的。这里介绍一款比较流行的分布式事务框架,阿里的seata。
- 本文主要介绍分布式框架的seata(1.4.2)在项目开发中的简单使用。
- seata 有四种模式,分别是AT、TCC、Sage、XA。本文使用的是AT模式,其他模式感兴趣的小伙伴可以自己去研究下。
- 本文项目结构:springboot 2.2.4.RELEASE + nacos 1.4.2 + seata 1.4.2 + mysql 5.6.45
二、安装和配置
1. nacos下载、安装
nacos的下载安装在这里就不赘述了。下面附上我使用的nacos版本下载地址
nacos 下载地址 https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/tag/1.4.2
2. seata服务安装、配置
2.1 安装
- seata下载地址 https://github.com/seata/seata/releases/tag/v1.4.2
- 下载后解压目录如下
- 安装就是这么简单。注意:解压后的logs目录下需要新增一个 seata_gc.log 文件
至此seata的安装已经完成。
2.2 配置
配置seata 我们可以在安装目录的conf文件夹下找到 README-zh.md 文件,这里分别有 server、client、config-center 三部分的脚本存放路径。
2.2.1 seata-server
- 访问 server 的脚本存放路径 因为我们使用的是mysql,所以取mysql目录下的sql脚本。
- 在自己的mysql中新建数据库seata,将上面拿到的sql脚本到数据库中执行即可。
2.2.2 config-center
2.2.2.1 file.conf修改
file.conf文件打开如下:
## transaction log store, only used in seata-server
store {
## store mode: file、db、redis
mode = "file"
## rsa decryption public key
publicKey = ""
## file store property
file {
## store location dir
dir = "sessionStore"
# branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions
maxBranchSessionSize = 16384
# globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions
maxGlobalSessionSize = 512
# file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer
fileWriteBufferCacheSize = 16384
# when recover batch read size
sessionReloadReadSize = 100
# async, sync
flushDiskMode = async
}
## database store property
db {
## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp)/HikariDataSource(hikari) etc.
datasource = "druid"
## mysql/oracle/postgresql/h2/oceanbase etc.
dbType = "mysql"
driverClassName = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
## if using mysql to store the data, recommend add rewriteBatchedStatements=true in jdbc connection param
url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?rewriteBatchedStatements=true"
user = "mysql"
password = "mysql"
minConn = 5
maxConn = 100
globalTable = "global_table"
branchTable = "branch_table"
lockTable = "lock_table"
queryLimit = 100
maxWait = 5000
}
## redis store property
redis {
## redis mode: single、sentinel
mode = "single"
## single mode property
single {
host = "127.0.0.1"
port = "6379"
}
## sentinel mode property
sentinel {
masterName = ""
## such as "10.28.235.65:26379,10.28.235.65:26380,10.28.235.65:26381"
sentinelHosts = ""
}
password = ""
database = "0"
minConn = 1
maxConn = 10
maxTotal = 100
queryLimit = 100
}
}
这里将 mode = "file"
改为 mode = "db"
,再将db中的配置替换为自己的数据库连接信息
## database store property
db {
## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp)/HikariDataSource(hikari) etc.
datasource = "druid"
## mysql/oracle/postgresql/h2/oceanbase etc.
dbType = "mysql"
driverClassName = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
## if using mysql to store the data, recommend add rewriteBatchedStatements=true in jdbc connection param
url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?rewriteBatchedStatements=true"
user = "root"
password = "123456"
minConn = 5
maxConn = 100
globalTable = "global_table"
branchTable = "branch_table"
lockTable = "lock_table"
queryLimit = 100
maxWait = 5000
}
2.2.2.2 registry.conf修改
registry.conf文件打开如下:
registry {
# file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
type = "file"
nacos {
application = "seata-server"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
namespace = ""
cluster = "default"
username = ""
password = ""
}
eureka {
serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
application = "default"
weight = "1"
}
redis {
serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
db = 0
password = ""
cluster = "default"
timeout = 0
}
zk {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
sessionTimeout = 6000
connectTimeout = 2000
username = ""
password = ""
}
consul {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
aclToken = ""
}
etcd3 {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
}
sofa {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
application = "default"
region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
cluster = "default"
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
addressWaitTime = "3000"
}
file {
name = "file.conf"
}
}
config {
# file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
type = "file"
nacos {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
namespace = ""
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
username = ""
password = ""
dataId = "seataServer.properties"
}
consul {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
aclToken = ""
}
apollo {
appId = "seata-server"
## apolloConfigService will cover apolloMeta
apolloMeta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
apolloConfigService = "http://192.168.1.204:8080"
namespace = "application"
apolloAccesskeySecret = ""
cluster = "seata"
}
zk {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
sessionTimeout = 6000
connectTimeout = 2000
username = ""
password = ""
nodePath = "/seata/seata.properties"
}
etcd3 {
serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
}
file {
name = "file.conf"
}
}
这里因为我们使用的注册中心和配置中心是nacos,seata推荐的也是nacos type = "nacos"
所以这里不用修改。只要修改下我们的nacos信息就好了,下面是我修改后的
registry {
# file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
type = "nacos"
nacos {
application = "seata-server"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
namespace = "17603f04-caab-4789-8bd4-e3f74637d7e9"
cluster = "default"
username = "nacos"
password = "nacos"
}
}
config {
# file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
type = "nacos"
nacos {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
namespace = "17603f04-caab-4789-8bd4-e3f74637d7e9"
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
username = "nacos"
password = "nacos"
dataId = "seataServer.properties"
}
}
2.2.2.3 config.txt
seata1.4.2 中是没有config.txt文件的,需要去 这里取,获取到config.txt后放到如下位置
这个文件需要修改的地方是 store部分,下面是我修改后的store部分
transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableClientBatchSendRequest=true
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group=default
service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091
service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=false
client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.rm.tccActionInterceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
client.tm.interceptorOrder=-2147482648
store.mode=db
store.file.dir=file_store/data
store.file.maxBranchSessionSize=16384
store.file.maxGlobalSessionSize=512
store.file.fileWriteBufferCacheSize=16384
store.file.flushDiskMode=async
store.file.sessionReloadReadSize=100
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://sel-mysql:3306/seata?useUnicode=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=xcr101030
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.distributedLockTable=distributed_lock
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.distributedLockExpireTime=10000
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.undo.compress.enable=true
client.undo.compress.type=zip
client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
log.exceptionRate=100
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898
2.2.2.4 推送配置到nacos
下载 nacos-config.sh 到conf文件夹下,右击空白处打开 Git Base,输入sh nacos-config.sh -h localhost -p 8848 -g SEATA_GROUP -t 0af6e97b-a684-4647-b696-7c6d42aecce7 -u nacos -w nacos
回车即可。
命令注释:-h 后面的是nacos的地址,-p 后面是nacos的端口,-g 后面是组名,-t后面是命名空间的id,在上面修改registry.conf文件的时候都写过,记录一下。 -u -w指定nacos的用户名和密码。
见到下图表示seata配置成功。
打开我们的nacos可以看到seata的配置信息已经添加完成。
2.3 启动seata
到这里我们的seata配置已经完成,有人可能会好奇,不是还有client没有配置吗?别着急,客户端在我们后面用到的时候再去添加。
双击bin/seata-server.bat
文件
可以看到,seata服务已经启动,去nacos注册中心看看seata服务是否注册到了nacos。至此,seata的安装、配置已经完成。
3. 项目整合
- pom依赖
<!-- seata的依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
<version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>
- 配置文件
# seata配置
seata:
enabled: true
enable-auto-data-source-proxy: true
tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
registry:
type: nacos
nacos:
application: seata-server
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
namespace: 17603f04-caab-4789-8bd4-e3f74637d7e9
group: SEATA_GROUP
username: nacos
password: nacos
config:
type: nacos
nacos:
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
group: SEATA_GROUP
username: nacos
password: nacos
namespace: 17603f04-caab-4789-8bd4-e3f74637d7e9
service:
vgroup-mapping:
my_test_tx_group: default
disable-global-transaction: false
client:
rm:
report-success-enable: false
- 业务代码
@Override
@GlobalTransactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public Integer killUser(Integer num) {
log.error("一共要杀" + num + "个人");
int ceil = (int)Math.ceil(num / 2);
IPage<User> page = new Page<>(1,ceil);
page = userMapper.selectPage(page, new QueryWrapper<>());
List<Integer> ids = page.getRecords().stream().map(User::getId).collect(Collectors.toList());
int currentKillNum = userMapper.deleteBatchIds(ids);
log.error("自己杀了" + currentKillNum + "个人");
Integer securityKillNum = esUserClient.killUser(ceil);
log.error("调用别的服务杀了" + securityKillNum + "个人");
if(1>0){
log.error("杀错数量了,需要回滚从新来");
System.out.println(1/0);
}
return currentKillNum + securityKillNum;
}
注意:
1、与我们以前的@Transactional
注解不同,这里使用的是@GlobalTransactional
注解
2、在每个参与事务的子服务中都需要在数据库加上undo_log这张表,并且需要添加seata的依赖、配置。