psnr，ssim解读

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/xiaxiazls/article/details/47952611

https://blog.csdn.net/majinlei121/article/details/46779125

https://blog.csdn.net/xiaohaijiejie/article/details/48053595  ssim 和psnr

代码

PSNR 是最普遍，最广泛使用的评鉴画质的客观量测法，不过许多实验结果都显示，PSNR 的分数无法和人眼看到的视觉品质完全一致，有可能 PSNR 较高者看起来反而比 PSNR 较低者差。这是因为人眼的视觉对于误差的敏感度并不是绝对的，其感知结果会受到许多因素的影响而产生变化（例如：人眼对空间频率较低的对比差异敏感度较高，人眼对亮度对比差异的敏感度较色度高，人眼对一个区域的感知结果会受到其周围邻近区域的影响）。

其中，MSE表示当前图像X和参考图像Y的均方误差（Mean Square Error），H、W分别为图像的高度和宽度；n为每像素的比特数，一般取8，即像素灰阶数为256. PSNR的单位是dB，数值越大表示失真越小

 1、psnr代码

PSNR的差异：

1.灰度图像：灰度图像比较好计算，只有一个灰度值。

2.彩色图像：

(a)可以将分别计算R,G,B三个通道总和，最后MSE直接在原公式上多除以3就行（opencv官方代码是这么做的，与matlab直接计算结果是一样的）。

(b)将R,G,B格式转换为YCbCr，只计算Y分量（亮度分量），结果会比直接计算要高几个dB。

贴代码，这里是将图片格式转成YCbCr（只计算Y分量）：
 

function [PSNR, MSE] = psnr(X, Y)
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% 计算峰值信噪比PSNR
% 将RGB转成YCbCr格式进行计算
% 如果直接计算会比转后计算值要小2dB左右（当然是个别测试）
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 if size(X,3)~=1   %判断图像时不是彩色图，如果是，结果为3，否则为1
   org=rgb2ycbcr(X);
   test=rgb2ycbcr(Y);
   Y1=org(:,:,1);
   Y2=test(:,:,1);
   Y1=double(Y1);  %计算平方时候需要转成double类型，否则uchar类型会丢失数据
   Y2=double(Y2);
 else              %灰度图像，不用转换
     Y1=double(X);
     Y2=double(Y);
 end
 
if nargin<2    
   D = Y1;
else
  if any(size(Y1)~=size(Y2))
    error('The input size is not equal to each other!');
  end
 D = Y1 - Y2; 
end
MSE = sum(D(:).*D(:)) / numel(Y1); 
PSNR = 10*log10(255^2 / MSE);

控制台输入：

>> X= imread('C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\noise_image.jpg');
>> Y= imread('C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\actruel_image.jpg');
>> psnr(X, Y)

 

SSIM的差异：同上，如果直接不转换成YCbCr格式，结果会偏高很多（matlab中，SSIM提出者【1】，代码）。opencv里面是分别计算了R,G,B三个分量的SSIM值（官方代码）。最后我将3个值取了个平均（这个值比matlab里面低很多）。

以下代码主要是参考原作者修改的，源代码是直接没有进行格式转换，直接RGB格式，下面我是将他转换成YCbCr计算图片的SSIM
 

function [mssim, ssim_map] = ssim(img1, img2, K, window, L)
 
%========================================================================
%SSIM Index, Version 1.0
%Copyright(c) 2003 Zhou Wang
%All Rights Reserved.
%
%The author is with Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Laboratory
%for Computational Vision at Center for Neural Science and Courant
%Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University.
%
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
%Permission to use, copy, or modify this software and its documentation
%for educational and research purposes only and without fee is hereby
%granted, provided that this copyright notice and the original authors'
%names ap pearon all copies and supporting documentation. This program
%shall not be used, rewritten, or adapted as the basis of a commercial
%software or hardware product without first obtaining permission of the
%authors. The authors make no representations about the suitability of
%this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" without express
%or implied warranty.
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
%
%This is an implementation of the algorithm for calculating the
%Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) index between two images. Please refer
%to the following paper:
%
%Z. Wang, A. C. Bovik, H. R. Sheikh, and E. P. Simoncelli, "Image
%quality assessment: From error visibility to structural similarity"
%IEEE Transactios on Image Processing, vol. 13, no. 4, pp.600-612,
%Apr. 2004.
%
%Kindly report any suggestions or corrections to zhouwang@ieee.org
%
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
%
%Input : (1) img1: the first image being compared
%        (2) img2: the second image being compared
%        (3) K: constants in the SSIM index formula (see the above
%            reference). defualt value: K = [0.01 0.03]
%        (4) window: local window for statistics (see the above
%            reference). default widnow is Gaussian given by
%            window = fspecial('gaussian', 11, 1.5);
%        (5) L: dynamic range of the images. default: L = 255
%
%Output: (1) mssim: the mean SSIM index value between 2 images.
%            If one of the images being compared is regarded as 
%            perfect quality, then mssim can be considered as the
%            quality measure of the other image.
%            If img1 = img2, then mssim = 1.
%        (2) ssim_map: the SSIM index map of the test image. The map
%            has a smaller size than the input images. The actual size:
%            size(img1) - size(window) + 1.
%
%Default Usage:
%   Given 2 test images img1 and img2, whose dynamic range is 0-255
%
%   [mssim ssim_map] = ssim_index(img1, img2);
%
%Advanced Usage:
%   User defined parameters. For example
%
%   K = [0.05 0.05];
%   window = ones(8);
%   L = 100;
%   [mssim ssim_map] = ssim_index(img1, img2, K, window, L);
%
%See the results:
%
%   mssim                        %Gives the mssim value
%   imshow(max(0, ssim_map).^4)  %Shows the SSIM index map
%
%========================================================================
 
 
if (nargin < 2 | nargin > 5)
   ssim_index = -Inf;
   ssim_map = -Inf;
   return;
end
 
if (size(img1) ~= size(img2))
   ssim_index = -Inf;
   ssim_map = -Inf;
   return;
end
 
[M N] = size(img1);
 
if (nargin == 2)
   if ((M < 11) | (N < 11))   % 图像大小过小，则没有意义。
           ssim_index = -Inf;
           ssim_map = -Inf;
      return
   end
   window = fspecial('gaussian', 11, 1.5);        % 参数一个标准偏差1.5，11*11的高斯低通滤波。
   K(1) = 0.01;                                   % default settings
   K(2) = 0.03;                                    
   L = 255;                                  
end
if (nargin == 3)
   if ((M < 11) | (N < 11))
           ssim_index = -Inf;
           ssim_map = -Inf;
      return
   end
   window = fspecial('gaussian', 11, 1.5);
   L = 255;
   if (length(K) == 2)
      if (K(1) < 0 | K(2) < 0)
                   ssim_index = -Inf;
                   ssim_map = -Inf;
                   return;
      end
   else
           ssim_index = -Inf;
           ssim_map = -Inf;
           return;
   end
end
if (nargin == 4)
   [H W] = size(window);
   if ((H*W) < 4 | (H > M) | (W > N))
           ssim_index = -Inf;
           ssim_map = -Inf;
      return
   end
   L = 255;
   if (length(K) == 2)
      if (K(1) < 0 | K(2) < 0)
                   ssim_index = -Inf;
                   ssim_map = -Inf;
                   return;
      end
   else
           ssim_index = -Inf;
           ssim_map = -Inf;
           return;
   end
end
if (nargin == 5)
   [H W] = size(window);
   if ((H*W) < 4 | (H > M) | (W > N))
           ssim_index = -Inf;
           ssim_map = -Inf;
      return
   end
   if (length(K) == 2)
      if (K(1) < 0 | K(2) < 0)
                   ssim_index = -Inf;
                   ssim_map = -Inf;
                   return;
      end
   else
           ssim_index = -Inf;
           ssim_map = -Inf;
           return;
   end
end
if size(img1,3)~=1   %判断图像时不是彩色图，如果是，结果为3，否则为1
   org=rgb2ycbcr(img1);
   test=rgb2ycbcr(img2);
   y1=org(:,:,1);
   y2=test(:,:,1);
   y1=double(y1);
   y2=double(y2);
 else 
     y1=double(img1);
     y2=double(img2);
 end
img1 = double(y1); 
img2 = double(y2);
% automatic downsampling
%f = max(1,round(min(M,N)/256));
%downsampling by f
%use a simple low-pass filter
% if(f>1)
%     lpf = ones(f,f);
%     lpf = lpf/sum(lpf(:));
%     img1 = imfilter(img1,lpf,'symmetric','same');
%     img2 = imfilter(img2,lpf,'symmetric','same');
%     img1 = img1(1:f:end,1:f:end);
%     img2 = img2(1:f:end,1:f:end);
% end
 
C1 = (K(1)*L)^2;    % 计算C1参数，给亮度L（x，y）用。    C1=6.502500
C2 = (K(2)*L)^2;    % 计算C2参数，给对比度C（x，y）用。  C2=58.522500 
window = window/sum(sum(window)); %滤波器归一化操作。
 
 
mu1   = filter2(window, img1, 'valid');  % 对图像进行滤波因子加权  valid改成same结果会低一丢丢
mu2   = filter2(window, img2, 'valid');  % 对图像进行滤波因子加权
 
mu1_sq = mu1.*mu1;     % 计算出Ux平方值。
mu2_sq = mu2.*mu2;     % 计算出Uy平方值。
mu1_mu2 = mu1.*mu2;    % 计算Ux*Uy值。
 
sigma1_sq = filter2(window, img1.*img1, 'valid') - mu1_sq;  % 计算sigmax （标准差）
sigma2_sq = filter2(window, img2.*img2, 'valid') - mu2_sq;  % 计算sigmay （标准差）
sigma12 = filter2(window, img1.*img2, 'valid') - mu1_mu2;   % 计算sigmaxy（标准差）
 
if (C1 > 0 & C2 > 0)
   ssim_map = ((2*mu1_mu2 + C1).*(2*sigma12 + C2))./((mu1_sq + mu2_sq + C1).*(sigma1_sq + sigma2_sq + C2));
else
   numerator1 = 2*mu1_mu2 + C1;
   numerator2 = 2*sigma12 + C2;
   denominator1 = mu1_sq + mu2_sq + C1;
   denominator2 = sigma1_sq + sigma2_sq + C2;
   ssim_map = ones(size(mu1));
   index = (denominator1.*denominator2 > 0);
   ssim_map(index) = (numerator1(index).*numerator2(index))./(denominator1(index).*denominator2(index));
   index = (denominator1 ~= 0) & (denominator2 == 0);
   ssim_map(index) = numerator1(index)./denominator1(index);
end
mssim = mean2(ssim_map);
 
return

控制台输入：

>> img1= imread('C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\noise_image.jpg');
>> img2= imread('C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\actruel_image.jpg');
>> ssim(img1,img2)