python基础五——字典操作

注：键值对的返回顺序与存储顺序不同。python不关心键值对的存储顺序，只跟踪键值之间的关联关系。

遍历字典

favorite_languages = {
    'jen': 'python',
    'sarch': 'c',
    'edward': 'ruby',
    'phil': 'python'
}

for name, language in favorite_languages.items():
    print(name.title() + "'s favourite language is " + language.title() + ".")

按照顺序遍历字典中的所有值

for name, language in sorted(favorite_languages.items()):
    print(name.title() + "'s favourite language is " + language.title() + ".")

字典列表
对元素是字典的列表创建，更改。

alien_0 = {'color': 'green','points': 5}
alien_1 = {'color': 'yellow','points': 10}
alien_2 = {'color': 'red','points': 15}
aliens = []
for alien_number in range(0,30):
    new_alien = {'color': 'green','points': 5, 'speed': 'slow'}
    aliens.append(new_alien)
for alien in aliens[0:3]:
    if alien['color'] == 'green':
        alien['color'] = 'yellow'
        alien['speed'] = 'medium'
        alien['points'] = '10'

for alien in aliens[0:5]:
    print(alien)
print("...")
print("total of number is " + str(len(aliens)))

在字典中存储列表

pizza = {'crust': 'thich', 'toppping': ['mushroom','extra chess']}
print("you ordered " + pizza['crust'] + " -crust pizza" + "with the fllowing topping:")
for topping in pizza['toppping']:
    print("\t" + topping)

字典中嵌套字典

users = {
    'alice' : {
        'firstname': 'alice',
        'lastname': 'web',
        'location': 'beijing'
    },
    'jack': {
        'firstname': 'jack',
        'lastname': 'red',
        'location': 'taijing'
    },
}
for username, userinfo in users.items(): #items:返回字典中所有元素
    print("\nUsername " + username)
    print("full name: " + userinfo['firstname'].title() + " " + userinfo['lastname'].title())
    print("location: " + userinfo['location'].title())