leetcode(mysql) 重新格式化部门表

                                              重新格式化部门表

 

1、题目：  

    部门表 Department：

    +---------------+---------+
    | Column Name   | Type    |
    +---------------+---------+
    | id            | int     |
    | revenue       | int     |
    | month         | varchar |
    +---------------+---------+
    (id, month) 是表的联合主键。
    这个表格有关于每个部门每月收入的信息。
    月份（month）可以取下列值 ["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"]。
 

    编写一个 SQL 查询来重新格式化表，使得新的表中有一个部门 id 列和一些对应 每个月 的收入（revenue）列。

    查询结果格式如下面的示例所示：

    Department 表：
    +------+---------+-------+
    | id   | revenue | month |
    +------+---------+-------+
    | 1    | 8000    | Jan   |
    | 2    | 9000    | Jan   |
    | 3    | 10000   | Feb   |
    | 1    | 7000    | Feb   |
    | 1    | 6000    | Mar   |
    +------+---------+-------+

    查询得到的结果表：
    +------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
    | id   | Jan_Revenue | Feb_Revenue | Mar_Revenue | ... | Dec_Revenue |
    +------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
    | 1    | 8000        | 7000        | 6000        | ... | null        |
    | 2    | 9000        | null        | null        | ... | null        |
    | 3    | null        | 10000       | null        | ... | null        |
    +------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+

    注意，结果表有 13 列 (1个部门 id 列 + 12个月份的收入列)。

2、解题步骤：

    (1) 创建表：             

CREATE TABLE `department`  (
  `Id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'Id',
  `revenue` decimal(18, 2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '收入',
  `month` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '月份',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '部门表' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

    (2) 插入数据：

INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (1, 1000.00, 'Jan');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (2, 2000.00, 'Feb');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (3, 3000.00, 'Mar');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (4, 4000.00, 'Apr');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (5, 5000.00, 'May');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (6, 6000.00, 'Jan');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (7, 7000.00, 'Jul');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (8, 8000.00, 'Aug');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (9, 9000.00, 'Sep');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (10, 10000.00, 'Apr');

    (3) 查询SQL：

        这里使用 SUM() 和 MAX() 效果是一样的，因为使用了 GROUP BY Id 进行分组，且Id作为主键是唯一的。

        a、方案一：            

SELECT 
	Id,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Jan' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Jan_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Feb' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Feb_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Mar' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Mar_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Apr' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Apr_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'May' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS May_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Jun' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Jun_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Jul' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Jul_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Aug' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Aug_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Sep' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Sep_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Oct' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Oct_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Nov' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Nov_Revenue,
	SUM(CASE month WHEN 'Dec' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Dec_Revenue
FROM department
GROUP BY Id;

        b、方案二：     

SELECT 
	Id,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Jan' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Jan_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Feb' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Feb_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Mar' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Mar_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Apr' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Apr_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'May' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS May_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Jun' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Jun_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Jul' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Jul_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Aug' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Aug_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Sep' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Sep_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Oct' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Oct_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Nov' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Nov_Revenue,
	MAX(CASE month WHEN 'Dec' THEN revenue ELSE 0 END) AS Dec_Revenue
FROM department
GROUP BY Id;

    (4) 结果：