题目
部门表 Department:
+---------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+---------------+---------+
| id | int |
| revenue | int |
| month | varchar |
+---------------+---------+
(id, month) 是表的联合主键。
这个表格有关于每个部门每月收入的信息。
月份(month)可以取下列值
["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"]。
编写一个 SQL 查询来重新格式化表,使得新的表中有一个部门 id 列和一些对应 每个月 的收入(revenue)列。
查询结果格式如下面的示例所示:
Department 表:
+------+---------+-------+
| id | revenue | month |
+------+---------+-------+
| 1 | 8000 | Jan |
| 2 | 9000 | Jan |
| 3 | 10000 | Feb |
| 1 | 7000 | Feb |
| 1 | 6000 | Mar |
+------+---------+-------+
查询得到的结果表:
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
| id | Jan_Revenue | Feb_Revenue | Mar_Revenue | ... | Dec_Revenue |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
| 1 | 8000 | 7000 | 6000 | ... | null |
| 2 | 9000 | null | null | ... | null |
| 3 | null | 10000 | null | ... | null |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
注意,结果表有 13 列 (1个部门 id 列 + 12个月份的收入列)
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/reformat-department-table
解析
第一步 列拆成行
首先,根据题意,需要将revenue列根据month拆成行,结果如下表,有两种方式,CASE WHEN或者IF语句。
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
| id | Jan_Revenue | Feb_Revenue | Mar_Revenue | ... | Dec_Revenue |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
| 1 | null | 7000 | null | ... | null |
| 3 | null | 10000 | null | ... | null |
| 1 | 8000 | null | null | ... | null |
| 2 | 9000 | null | null | ... | null |
| 1 | null | null | 6000 | ... | null |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
CASE WHEN
SELECT id,
CASE `month` WHEN 'Jan' THEN revenue END Jan_Revenue,
CASE `month` WHEN 'Feb' THEN revenue END Feb_Revenue,
CASE `month` WHEN 'Mar' THEN revenue END Mar_Revenue,
CASE `