[redis] sds

[redis] sds

源码位置

• sds.c
• sds.h

这里使用了Arrays of Length Zero技巧，以下是一个例子，更详细的用法见reference.

struct line {
  int length;
  char contents[0];
};

struct line *thisline = (struct line *)
  malloc (sizeof (struct line) + this_length);
thisline->length = this_length;

在redis中，sds*指向的是第一个char开始的位置，且不开启字节对齐，在此之前是sds的控制块。

typedef char *sds;

/* Note: sdshdr5 is never used, we just access the flags byte directly.
 * However is here to document the layout of type 5 SDS strings. */
struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) sdshdr5 {
    unsigned char flags; /* 3 lsb of type, and 5 msb of string length */
    char buf[];
};
struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) sdshdr8 {
    uint8_t len; /* used */
    uint8_t alloc; /* excluding the header and null terminator */
    unsigned char flags; /* 3 lsb of type, 5 unused bits */
    char buf[];
};
struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) sdshdr16 {
    uint16_t len; /* used */
    uint16_t alloc; /* excluding the header and null terminator */
    unsigned char flags; /* 3 lsb of type, 5 unused bits */
    char buf[];
};
struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) sdshdr32 {
    uint32_t len; /* used */
    uint32_t alloc; /* excluding the header and null terminator */
    unsigned char flags; /* 3 lsb of type, 5 unused bits */
    char buf[];
};
struct __attribute__ ((__packed__)) sdshdr64 {
    uint64_t len; /* used */
    uint64_t alloc; /* excluding the header and null terminator */
    unsigned char flags; /* 3 lsb of type, 5 unused bits */
    char buf[];
};

int size = sizeof(struct sdshdr64);

这里的sdshdrXX是为了应对存储各种长度字符串而定义的类型，运行时该类型存储在结构体的unsigned char flags的低3位中。

一个"奇怪的"的用法

下标为-1的写法

static inline size_t sdslen(const sds s) {
    unsigned char flags = s[-1];
    // ...
}

一些api

len:当前已经使用的长度，alloc表示可使用长度

• sdslen: 结构体中的len字段
• sdsavail: 可用空间 alloc - len
• sdssetlen: 设置len字段
• sdsinclen: 对len字段增加inc
• sdsalloc: 获取alloc值
• adssetalloc
• sds sdsnewlen(const void *init, size_t initlen)：传入const char *和长度，创建sds对象
• sdscatlen: string cat

调试redis

launch.json

{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        
        {
            "name": "redis",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/src/redis-server",
            "args": [
                "redis.conf"
            ],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "preLaunchTask": "build",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                },
                {
                    "description":  "Set Disassembly Flavor to Intel",
                    "text": "-gdb-set disassembly-flavor intel",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
          ]
        }
    ]
}

task.json

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "build", 
            "type": "shell", 
            "command": "make",
            "args": [
                "CFLAGS=\"-g -O0\""
            ]
        }
    ]
}

reference

• 面试杀手锏：Redis源码之SDS
• Arrays of Length Zero
• [规定数组下标为 -1 ](C++ 是否有某个标准，规定数组下标为 -1 时输出什么？ - pansz的回答 - 知乎
  https://www.zhihu.com/question/34790951/answer/59854614)