Linux awk 命令语法与运算符

Linux awk 命令（Linux awk 命令语法与运算符）

awk命令概述 ：

awk可用于处理文本文件 (pattern scanning and processing language)

$ awk --help
Usage: awk [POSIX or GNU style options] -f progfile [--] file ...
Usage: awk [POSIX or GNU style options] [--] 'program' file ...
POSIX options:		GNU long options: (standard)
	-f progfile		--file=progfile
	-F fs			--field-separator=fs
	-v var=val		--assign=var=val
Short options:		GNU long options: (extensions)
	-b			--characters-as-bytes
	-c			--traditional
	-C			--copyright
	-d[file]		--dump-variables[=file]
	-e 'program-text'	--source='program-text'
	-E file			--exec=file
	-g			--gen-pot
	-h			--help
	-L [fatal]		--lint[=fatal]
	-n			--non-decimal-data
	-N			--use-lc-numeric
	-O			--optimize
	-p[file]		--profile[=file]
	-P			--posix
	-r			--re-interval
	-S			--sandbox
	-t			--lint-old
	-V			--version


gawk is a pattern scanning and processing language.
By default it reads standard input and writes standard output.

Examples:
	gawk '{ sum += $1 }; END { print sum }' file
	gawk -F: '{ print $1 }' /etc/passwd

实例 ：

################################################

#每行按空格或 tab 键分隔，输出第1，4项
(base) [biocodee@localhost ~]$ head log.txt 
2 this is a test
3 Are you like awk
This's a test
10 There are orange,apple,mongo

(base) [biocodee@localhost ~]$ awk '{