核元素:Mat element = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(15, 15));
其中形状参数:MORPH_RECT MORPH_CROSS MORPH_ELLIPSE
膨胀操作: dilate(img, out, element);
腐蚀操作: erode(img, out, element);
形态学操作:morphologyEx(img, out, CV_MOP_OPEN, kernel);
其中操作类型参数:CV_MOP_ERODE CV_MOP_DILATE CV_MOP_OPEN CV_MOP_CLOSE CV_MOP_GRADIENT
CV_MOP_TOPHAT CV_MOP_BLACKHAT