import os
import openpyxl
paths = os.path.join('C:', 'Program Files (x86)', 'Python37-32')
print(paths)
print(os.getcwd()) # 当前工作目录
os.chdir('C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Python37') # 修改工作目录
print('修改后的工作目录:', os.getcwd()) # 当前工作目录
print(os.path.abspath('.\\test.txt'))
calcFilePath = 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Python37-32\\test.txt'
print('目录名称:',os.path.dirname(calcFilePath)) # 目录名称
print('基本名称:',os.path.basename(calcFilePath)) # 基本名称
print('同时需要目录名称和基本名称:',os.path.split(calcFilePath))
print(os.path.exists('d:\\')) # 判断是否存在闪存盘
一、需要用到的库:
1.操作xls格式的表格文件:
读取:xlrd
写入:xlwt
修改(追加写入):xlutils
2.操作xlsx格式的表格文件:
读取/写入:openpyxl
二、实现代码
1.操作xls格式的表格文件:
# coding=UTF-8
import xlrd
import xlwt
from xlutils.copy import copy
def write_excel_xls(path, sheet_name, value):
index = len(value) # 获取需要写入数据的行数
workbook = xlwt.Workbook() # 新建一个book
sheet = workbook.add_sheet(sheet_name) # 新建一个表格
for i in range(0, index):
for j in range(0, len(value[i])):
sheet.write(i, j, value[i][j]) # 像表格中写入数据(对应的行和列)
workbook.save(path) # 保存
print("xls写入数据成功!")
def write_excel_xls_append(path, value):
index = len(value) # 获取需要写入数据的行数
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(path) # 打开工作簿
sheets = workbook.sheet_names() # 获取工作簿中的所有表格
worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheets[0]) # 获取所有表格中的的第一个表格
rows_old = worksheet.nrows # 获取表格中已存在的数据的行数
new_workbook = copy(workbook) # 将xlrd对象拷贝转化为xlwt对象
new_worksheet = new_workbook.get_sheet(0) # 获取转化后的第一个表格
for i in range(0, index):
for j in range(0, len(value[i])):
new_worksheet.write(i+rows_old, j, value[i][j]) # 追加写入数据,注意是从i+rows_old行开始写入
new_workbook.save(path) # 保存
print("xls【追加】写入数据成功!")
def read_excel_xls(path):
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(path) # 打开
sheets = workbook.sheet_names() # 获取所有表格
worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheets[0]) # 获取所有表格中的的第一个表格
for i in range(0, worksheet.nrows):
for j in range(0, worksheet.ncols):
print(worksheet.cell_value(i, j), "\t", end="") # 逐行逐列读取数据
print()
book_name_xls = 'xls格式测试.xls'
sheet_name_xls = 'xls格式表'
value_title = [["姓名", "性别", "年龄", "城市", "职业"],]
value1 = [["张三", "男", "19", "深圳", "研发工程师"],
["李四", "男", "22", "北京", "医生"],
["王五", "女", "33", "珠海", "出租车司机"],]
value2 = [["Tom", "男", "21", "深圳", "测试工程师"],
["Jones", "女", "34", "上海", "产品经理"],
["Cat", "女", "56", "上海", "教师"],]
write_excel_xls(book_name_xls, sheet_name_xls, value_title)
write_excel_xls_append(book_name_xls, value1)
write_excel_xls_append(book_name_xls, value2)
read_excel_xls(book_name_xls)
2.操作xlsx格式的表格文件:
# coding=UTF-8
import openpyxl
def write_excel_xlsx(path, sheet_name, value):
index = len(value)
workbook = openpyxl.Workbook()
sheet = workbook.active
sheet.title = sheet_name
for i in range(0, index):
for j in range(0, len(value[i])):
sheet.cell(row=i+1, column=j+1, value=str(value[i][j]))
workbook.save(path)
print("xlsx写入数据成功!")
def read_excel_xlsx(path, sheet_name):
workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(path)
# sheet = wb.get_sheet_by_name(sheet_name)已经弃用
sheet = workbook[sheet_name]
for row in sheet.rows:
for cell in row:
print(cell.value, "\t", end="")
print()
book_name_xlsx = 'xlsx格式测试.xlsx'
sheet_name_xlsx = 'xlsx格式测试表'
value3 = [["姓名", "性别", "年龄", "城市", "职业"],
["111", "女", "66", "深圳", "运维工程师"],
["222", "男", "55", "广州", "老板"],
["333", "女", "27", "苏州", "保安"],]
write_excel_xlsx(book_name_xlsx, sheet_name_xlsx, value3)
read_excel_xlsx(book_name_xlsx, sheet_name_xlsx)