面向对象的设计模式 ——观察者模式

观察者模式：主题类用集合保存观察者类，当主题类状态发生改变的时候，遍历改变观察者类。

观察者模式又叫发布订阅模式，就像名字说的一个主题类发布信息，订阅的类就都有反应。而观察者模式其实还是可以用再解耦上。当两个类的耦合度高的时候可以用抽象接口来解耦。

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abstract class Subject{
    
    private List<Observer> observers = new List<Observer>();

    //增加观察者
    public void Attach(Observer observer){
        observers.add(observer);
    }
    
    //移除观察者
    public void Detach(Observer observer){
        observers.remove(observer);
    }
    
    //通知
    public void Notify(){
        foreach(Observer o : observers){
            o.Update();
        }
    }
}

abstract class Observer{
    public abstract void Update();
}

class ConcreteSubject extends Subject{
     
    private String subjectState;
    
    public void setState(String subjectState){
        this.subjectState = subjectState;
    }

    public String getState(){
        return subjectState;
    }
}

 

class ConcreteObserver extends Observer{
    private String name;
    private String observerState;
    private ConcreteSubject subject;

    public ConcreteObserver(ConcreteSubject subject,String name){
        this.name = name;
        this.subject = subject;
    }

    public void Update(){
        observerState = subject.getState();
        System.out.println("观察者"+name+"的状态是"+observerState);
    }

    public void setSubject(ConcreteSubject subject){
        this.subject = subject;
    }
    
    public ConcreteSubject getSubject(){
        return subject;
    }
}

public class test{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        ConcreteSubject s = new ConcreteSubject();
        
        s.Attach(new ConcreteObserver(s,"X"));
        s.Attach(new ConcreteObserver(s,"Y"));
        s.Attach(new ConcreteObserver(s,"Z"));
    
        s.setState("ABC");
        s.Notify();
    }
}