Centos7 yum切换国内源 & 安装Python

yum

先备份一下自带的yum源

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

安装wget

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

yum -y install wget

下载aliyun的yum配置文件

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

运行 makecache生成缓存

yum makecache

Python

Centos7.7 安装Python 3

系统自带Python

[root@ifeng ~]# python --version
Python 2.7.5

[root@ifeng ~]# whereis python
python: /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/lib/python2.7 /usr/lib64/python2.7 /etc/python /usr/include/python2.7 /usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz

看到python在/usr/bin 目录下

为了使两个版本共存，需要

python -> python3
python2 -> python2.7

依赖关系

下载依赖包
因为要编译python3 ， 首先需要下载安装的依赖包

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make

安装pip

#运行这个命令添加epel扩展源
yum -y install epel-release

#安装pip
yum install python-pip

pip安装wget

pip install wget

下载python

用wget下载python的压缩包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.4/Python-3.6.4.tar.xz

编译源码包

# 解压
xz -d Python-3.6.4.tar.xz
tar -xf Python-3.6.4.tar

进入源码包

cd Python-3.6.3

./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3
make && make install

验证Python3是否安装正确

cd /usr/local/python3/bin/

./python3

配置Python3的环境变量

[root@ifeng bin]# echo "export PYTHON_HOME=/usr/local/python3" >> /etc/profile
[root@ifeng bin]# echo "export PATH=/usr/local/python3/bin:${PATH}" >> /etc/profile

切换默认python3

修改yum默认的python

#都把第一行修改为
#!/usr/bin/python2

修改默认python
回到软连接的地方

不难看出，只要把python -> python3 即可

# 删掉python
rm python
# 创建新python
ln -s python3 python