java什么叫做开闭原则_java开闭原则实例

题记：

以后想多写几篇blog，不为别的，为了加深自己学习印象吧。也许有人会问，你都做java这么久了还在学这些啊，没错，正是因为我做久了java，才发现自己的基础知识有些欠缺，概念懂一些，但未必深刻，所以还要再学一下下。。。

java开闭原则，即对扩展开放，对修改关闭。这样原则设计出来的系统，遇到增加功能的需求时，几乎不用修改源代码，只是增加几个类，然后调用就好。这样既增加了新功能满足了需求，又维护了原本系统的稳定性。

下面我会写一个demo,具体分为5步，作用是比较两个事物的大小，比如可以比较2个人的大小、2个房子的大小、2头猪的大小等，看了demo瞬间明白。

一、类图

二、需要比较的对象，暂时只有房子、人

//房子

public class House {

int width;

int length;

String addr;

public House (int width, int length, String addr){

this.width = width;

this.length = length;

this.addr = addr;

}

public int getWidth() {

return width;

}

public void setWidth(int width) {

this.width = width;

}

public int getLength() {

return length;

}

public void setLength(int length) {

this.length = length;

}

public String getAddr() {

return addr;

}

public void setAddr(String addr) {

this.addr = addr;

}

public int getSquare() {

return width * length;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return "House [width=" + width + ", length=" + length + ", addr="

+ addr + "]";

}

}

//人

public class Person {

private String name;

private int age;

public Person(String name, int age) {

this.name = name;

this.age = age;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Person [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";

}

}

三、抽象类，把随着比较对象不同而改变的方法抽象出来

public abstract class CompareObject {

protected Object object1;

protected Object object2;

public void setData(Object arg1, Object arg2){

if (isAccept(arg1,arg2)) {

object1 = arg1;

object2 = arg2;

}else {

throw new RuntimeException( arg1 + " and " + arg2 + " isn't the them type ");

}

}

protected abstract boolean isAccept(Object arg1, Object arg2);

public abstract Object getMax();

public abstract Object getMin();

}

四、比较类，主要实现具体的比较方法，人呢是比较年龄，房子是比较面积。

/**

* @author lei

*

*/

public class ComparePerson extends CompareObject{

@Override

public Object getMax() {

Person person1 = (Person) object1;

Person person2 = (Person) object2;

if (person1.getAge() > person2.getAge()) {

return person1;

}

return person2;

}

@Override

public Object getMin() {

if (((Person) object1).getAge() > ((Person) object2).getAge()) {

return (Person) object2;

}

return (Person) object1;

}

@Override

protected boolean isAccept(Object arg1, Object arg2) {

if ((arg1 instanceof Person) && (arg2 instanceof Person)) {

return true;

}

return false;

}

}

public class CompareHouse extends CompareObject {

@Override

protected boolean isAccept(Object arg1, Object arg2) {

if ((arg1 instanceof House) && (arg2 instanceof House)) {

return true;

}

return false;

}

@Override

public Object getMax() {

if (((House) object1).getSquare() > ((House) object2).getSquare()) {

return (House) object1;

}

return (House) object2;

}

@Override

public Object getMin() {

if (((House) object1).getSquare() > ((House) object2).getSquare()) {

return (House) object2;

}

return (House) object1;

}

public Object getCheaper() {

return null;

}

}

五、最后的调用

public class MainClass {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Person person1 = new Person("petter", 20);

Person person2 = new Person("mery", 21);

ComparePerson comparePerson = new ComparePerson();

comparePerson.setData(person1, person2);

System.out.println("max_person: " + comparePerson.getMax().toString());

//house

House house1 = new House(8,12," ShangHai ");

House house2 = new House(10,11," ShenZheng ");

CompareHouse compareHouse = new CompareHouse();

compareHouse.setData(house1, house2);

System.out.println("max_House: " + compareHouse.getMax().toString());

}

}

打印结果：

max_person: Person [name=mery, age=21]

max_House: House [width=10, length=11, addr= ShenZheng ]

好了，demo已经结束，差不多已经明白了吧。这样做的好处就是，如果下次要添加比较2头猪的需求时，我们无需改动原本的代码，只要添加一个pig类、一个ComparePig类就好了。