python可迭代类_Python：使类可迭代

I have inherited a project with many large classes constituent of nothing but class objects (integers, strings, etc). I'd like to be able to check if an attribute is present without needed to define a list of attributes manually.

Is it possible to make a python class iterable itself using the standard syntax? That is, I'd like to be able to iterate over all of a class's attributes using for attr in Foo: (or even if attr in Foo) without needing to create an instance of the class first. I think I can do this by defining __iter__, but so far I haven't quite managed what I'm looking for.

I've achieved some of what I want by adding an __iter__ method like so:

class Foo:

bar = "bar"

baz = 1

@staticmethod

def __iter__():

return iter([attr for attr in dir(Foo) if attr[:2] != "__"])

However, this does not quite accomplish what I'm looking for:

>>> for x in Foo:

... print(x)

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

TypeError: 'classobj' object is not iterable

Even so, this works:

>>> for x in Foo.__iter__():

... print(x)

bar

baz

解决方案

Add the __iter__ to the metaclass instead of the class itself (assuming Python 2.x):

class Foo(object):

bar = "bar"

baz = 1

class __metaclass__(type):

def __iter__(self):

for attr in dir(self):

if not attr.startswith("__"):

yield attr

For Python 3.x, use

class MetaFoo(type):

def __iter__(self):

for attr in dir(self):

if not attr.startswith("__"):

yield attr

class Foo(metaclass=MetaFoo):

bar = "bar"

baz = 1