python array 计算_python-计算两个numpy数组之间的距离

如果只需要每对点之间的距离,则无需计算完整的距离矩阵.

而是直接计算：

import numpy as np

x = np.array([[[1,2,3,4,5],

[5,6,7,8,5],

[5,6,7,8,5]],

[[11,22,23,24,5],

[25,26,27,28,5],

[5,6,7,8,5]]])

y = np.array([[[31,32,33,34,5],

[35,36,37,38,5],

[5,6,7,8,5]],

[[41,42,43,44,5],

[45,46,47,48,5],

[5,6,7,8,5]]])

xx = x.reshape(2, -1)

yy = y.reshape(2, -1)

dist = np.hypot(*(xx - yy))

print dist

为了进一步说明正在发生的事情,首先,我们对数组进行整形,使其具有2xN的形状(-1是一个占位符,告诉numpy自动沿该轴计算正确的大小)：

In [2]: x.reshape(2, -1)

Out[2]:

array([[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5],

[11, 22, 23, 24, 5, 25, 26, 27, 28, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5]])

因此,当我们减去xx和yy时,将得到一个2xN数组：

In [3]: xx - yy

Out[3]:

array([[-30, -30, -30, -30, 0, -30, -30, -30, -30, 0, 0, 0,