bulk interface驱动_USB驱动程序(较详细）三

(本部分的一些示例源码来自drivers/usb/usb-skeleton.c，它是Linux内核为我们提供的最基础的USB驱动程序，USB骨架程序)

驱动程序把驱动对象注册到 USB 子系统中，之后使用供应商(idVendor)和设备(idProduct)标识来判断对应的硬件是否已经安装.

驱动的设备支持列表

struct usb_device_id 结构提供了这个驱动支持的不同类型 USB 设备的列表. USB 核心通过此列表用来决定设备对应的驱动,热插拔脚本也通过此列表来决定当特定设备被插入系统时,应该自动加载的驱动.

struct usb_device_id {

/* 确定设备信息去和结构体中哪几个字段匹配来判断驱动的适用性 */

__u16        match_flags;

/* Used for product specific matches; range is inclusive */

__u16        idVendor;//USB设备的制造商ID，须向www.usb.org申请

__u16        idProduct;//USB设备的产品ID，有制造商自定

__u16        bcdDevice_lo;    /* USB设备的产品版本号最低值*/

__u16        bcdDevice_hi;    /* 和最高值，以BCD码来表示。*/

/* 分别定义设备的类,子类和协议,他们由 USB 论坛分配并定义在 USB 规范中. 这些值指定这个设备的行为, 包括设备上所有的接口 */

__u8        bDeviceClass;

__u8        bDeviceSubClass;

__u8        bDeviceProtocol;

/* 分别定义单个接口的类,子类和协议,他们由 USB 论坛分配并定义在 USB 规范中 */

__u8        bInterfaceClass;

__u8        bInterfaceSubClass;

__u8        bInterfaceProtocol;

/* 这个值不用来匹配驱动的, 驱动用它来在 USB 驱动的探测回调函数中区分不同的设备 */

kernel_ulong_t    driver_info;

};//以上结构体中__u16 match_flags;所使用的define://include/linux/mod_devicetable.h

/* Some useful macros to use to create struct usb_device_id */

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_VENDOR        0x0001

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_PRODUCT        0x0002

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_LO        0x0004

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_HI        0x0008

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_CLASS        0x0010

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_SUBCLASS    0x0020

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_PROTOCOL    0x0040

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS        0x0080

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_SUBCLASS    0x0100

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_PROTOCOL    0x0200//include/linux/usb.h

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE \

(USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_VENDOR | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_PRODUCT)

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_RANGE \

(USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_LO | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_HI)

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE_AND_VERSION \

(USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_RANGE)

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_INFO \

(USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_CLASS | \

USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_SUBCLASS | \

USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_PROTOCOL)

#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_INFO \

(USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS | \

USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_SUBCLASS | \

USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_PROTOCOL)//这个结构体一般不用手动赋值，以下的宏可以实现赋值:/**

* USB_DEVICE - macro used to describe a specific usb device

* @vend: the 16 bit USB Vendor ID

* @prod: the 16 bit USB Product ID

*

* This macro is used to create a struct usb_device_id that matches a

* specific device.

*///仅和指定的制造商和产品ID匹配，用于需要特定驱动的设备

#define USB_DEVICE(vend,prod) \

.match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE, \

.idVendor = (vend), \

.idProduct = (prod)/**

* USB_DEVICE_VER - describe a specific usb device with a version range

* @vend: the 16 bit USB Vendor ID

* @prod: the 16 bit USB Product ID

* @lo: the bcdDevice_lo value

* @hi: the bcdDevice_hi value

*

* This macro is used to create a struct usb_device_id that matches a

* specific device, with a version range.

*///仅和某版本范围内的指定的制造商和产品ID匹配

#define USB_DEVICE_VER(vend, prod, lo, hi) \

.match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE_AND_VERSION, \

.idVendor = (vend), \

.idProduct = (prod), \

.bcdDevice_lo = (lo), \

.bcdDevice_hi = (hi)/**

* USB_DEVICE_INTERFACE_PROTOCOL - describe a usb device with a specific interface protocol

* @vend: the 16 bit USB Vendor ID

* @prod: the 16 bit USB Product ID

* @pr: bInterfaceProtocol value

*

* This macro is used to create a struct usb_device_id that matches a

* specific interface protocol of devices.

*///仅和指定的接口协议、制造商和产品ID匹配

#define USB_DEVICE_INTERFACE_PROTOCOL(vend, prod, pr) \

.match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE | \

USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_PROTOCOL, \

.idVendor = (vend), \

.idProduct = (prod), \

.bInterfaceProtocol = (pr)/**

* USB_DEVICE_INFO - macro used to describe a class of usb devices

* @cl: bDeviceClass value

* @sc: bDeviceSubClass value

* @pr: bDeviceProtocol value

*

* This macro is used to create a struct usb_device_id that matches a

* specific class of devices.

*///仅和指定的设备类型相匹配

#define USB_DEVICE_INFO(cl, sc, pr) \

.match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_INFO, \

.bDeviceClass = (cl), \

.bDeviceSubClass = (sc), \

.bDeviceProtocol = (pr)/**

* USB_INTERFACE_INFO - macro used to describe a class of usb interfaces

* @cl: bInterfaceClass value

* @sc: bInterfaceSubClass value

* @pr: bInterfaceProtocol value

*

* This macro is used to create a struct usb_device_id that matches a

* specific class of interfaces.

*///仅和指定的接口类型相匹配

#define USB_INTERFACE_INFO(cl, sc, pr) \

.match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_INFO, \

.bInterfaceClass = (cl), \

.bInterfaceSubClass = (sc), \

.bInterfaceProtocol = (pr)/**

* USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO - describe a specific usb device with a class of usb interfaces

* @vend: the 16 bit USB Vendor ID

* @prod: the 16 bit USB Product ID