python的可迭代对象是什么意思_python可迭代对象和迭代器区别

python内置迭代对象:

字符串,列表,元组,文件，字典

# 字符串迭代

str = "conding make me happy"

for c in str:

print(c,end = " ")

#列表迭代

lst = ["one","two","three","four","five"]

for l in lst:

print(l,end = " ")

#元组迭代

tpl=("one","two","three","four","five")

for t in tpl:

print(t,end = " ")

#字典迭代

dit={"ua":"coding","age":5}

for key in dit.keys():

print(key,":",dit[key],end=" ")

#文件迭代

fil = open("coding.txt")

for r in fil:

print(r.strip())

上述可迭代对象之所以可以被for循环，因为可迭代对象背后是有迭代器的，但是对我们是不可见的

下面以字符串为例子 使用while进行循环:

str = "conding make me happy"

it = iter(str)      # 转换成迭代器

while True:

try:

print(next(it),end=" ")

except StopIteration:

pass

总结:

1. 可迭代对象有一个方法: __iter__，目的是生成迭代器

2. 迭代器有两个方法: __iter__和__next__，__iter__返回迭代器本身, __next__返回单个元素

扩展: 哨符

from random import randint

# 哨符: 可迭代对象边界或者终止值

def sf():

return randint(1,6)

# iter两个参数用法，sf必须是callable

sf_iter = iter(sf,2)

for roll in sf_iter:

print(roll，end = " ")