java ee 上传文件_JavaEE-Servlet-文件上传和下载

一、文件上传

1.文件上传表单(Html)

Html表单文件上传:

action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/UploadServlet"

method="POST"

enctype="multipart/form-data">

Http请求post格式:

POST /xxx HTTP/1.1

Host: x.x.x

Content-Length: xxxxxx

Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=BoundarybXA7KWbsgAx0OB7z

--BoundarybXA7KWbsgAx0OB7z

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="desc"

...文本内容...

--BoundarybXA7KWbsgAx0OB7z

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="testFile1"; filename="文件1.zip"

Content-Type: application/octet-stream

...文件内容...

--BoundarybXA7KWbsgAx0OB7z

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="testFile2"; filename="文件2.zip"

Content-Type: application/octet-stream

...文件内容...

--BoundarybXA7KWbsgAx0OB7z--

2.Servlet文件上传

方法一.使用Servlet3.0规范接口

@MultipartConfig(

fileSizeThreshold=(可选), 内存缓冲区大小

location=(可选), 临时文件目录,调用Part.write(..)会自动清除临时文件

maxFileSize=(可选), 单个文件最大值, 超过则抛出IllegalStateException异常

maxRequestSize=(可选) 总上传的最大值, 超过则抛出IllegalStateException异常

)

public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){

Collection part = request.getParts();

for (Part p : part) {

if (p.getSubmittedFileName() == null) {

// 非文件Part

StringBuilder value = new StringBuilder();

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));

String line;

while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {

value.append(line);

}

System.out.println(p.getName() + ": " + value.toString());

} else {

// 文件Part

String uuidName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "_" + p.getSubmittedFileName();

// 参数是绝对路径+文件名,若只传文件名,则存储在location=目录

p.write(getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload")+uuidName);

}

}

}

}

方法二.使用Apache-commons-fileupload开源工具

commons-fileupload和commons-io两个包,fileupload依赖io包

public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){

if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)) {

throw new RuntimeException("请用Multipart表单上传!");

}

// 1.创建ServletFileUpload,设定内存缓冲区大小(默认10k),设定临时文件目录(默认操作系统临时目录)

DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(100*1024,new File(xx/temp));

ServletFileUpload fileUpload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

fileUpload.setFileSizeMax(1024*1024*10); // 单个文件不大于10M

fileUpload.setSizeMax(1024*1024*100); // 总大小不大于100M

fileUpload.setHeaderEncoding("utf-8"); // 设置编码集

// 2.监听文件上传进度

fileUpload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener(){

public void update(long bytesRead, long contentLength, int items) {

System.out.print("当前是第" + items + "个上传项, 总大小" + length/1024f + "KB, 已经读取" + read/1024f+ "KB");

System.out.println();

}

});

// 4.获取所有FileItem

for (FileItem fileItem : (List) fileUpload.parseRequest(request)) {

if (fileItem.isFormField()) {

// 字符项

String name = fileItem.getFieldName();

String value = fileItem.getString("utf-8");

System.out.println(name + ":" + value);

} else {

// 文件项

String uuidName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "_" + fileItem.getName();

// 生成随机目录path(目录分离)

char[] hashPath = Integer.toHexString(uuidName.hashCode()).toCharArray();

String path = getServletContext().getRealPath("WEB-INF/upload");

for (char p : hashPath) path += "/" + p;

new File(path).mkdirs();

// 存储文件

InputStream in = fileItem.getInputStream();

OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(path, uuidName));

byte[] b = new byte[100*1024];

int len;

while ((len=in.read(b))!=-1) {

out.write(b, 0, len);

}

// 删除临时文件

fileItem.delete();

}

}

}

}

二、文件下载

// Http响应头,要求浏览器以附件形式打开

response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+URLEncoder.encode(filename,"utf-8"));

// MIME类型

response.setContentType(getServletContext().getMimeType(filename));