语法:
X = dither(RGB,map)
BW = dither(I)
相关命令:
rgb2ind
25.double
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 331
功能:转换数据为双精度型.
语法:
B = double(A)
举例
A = imread('saturn.tif');
B = sqrt(double(A));
相关命令:
im2double, im2uint, uint8
26.edge
功能:识别强度图像中的边界.
语法:
BW = edge(I,'sobel')
BW = edge(I,'sobel',thresh)
BW = edge(I,'sobel',thresh,direction)
[BW,thresh] = edge(I,'sobel',...)
BW = edge(I,'prewitt')
BW = edge(I,'prewitt',thresh)
BW = edge(I,'prewitt',thresh,direction)
[BW,thresh] = edge(I,'prewitt',...)
BW = edge(I,'roberts')
BW = edge(I,'roberts',thresh)
[BW,thresh] = edge(I,'roberts',...)
BW = edge(I,'log')
BW = edge(I,'log',thresh)
BW = edge(I,'log',thresh,sigma)
[BW,threshold] = edge(I,'log',...)
BW = edge(I,'zerocross',thresh,h)
[BW,thresh] = edge(I,'zerocross',...)
BW = edge(I,'canny')
BW = edge(I,'canny',thresh)
BW = edge(I,'canny',thresh,sigma)
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 332
[BW,threshold] = edge(I,'canny',...)
举例
I = imread('rice.tif');
BW1 = edge(I,'prewitt');
BW2 = edge(I,'canny');
imshow(BW1);
figure, imshow(BW2)
27.erode
功能:弱化二进制图像的边界.
语法:
BW2 = erode(BW1,SE)
BW2 = erode(BW1,SE,alg)
BW2 = erode(BW1,SE,...,n)
举例
BW1 = imread('text.tif');
SE = ones(3,1);
BW2 = erode(BW1,SE);
imshow(BW1)
figure, imshow(BW2)
相关命令:
bwmorph, dilate
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 333
28.fft2
功能:进行二维快速傅里叶变换.
语法:
B = fft2(A)
B = fft2(A,m,n)
举例
load imdemos saturn2
imshow(saturn2)
B = fftshift(fft2(saturn2));
imshow(log(abs(B)),[]), colormap(jet(64)), colorbar
相关命令:
dct2, fftshift, idct2, ifft2
29.fftn
功能: 进行n维快速傅里叶变换.
语法:
B = fftn(A)
B = fftn(A,siz)
相关命令:
fft2, ifftn
30.fftshift
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 334
功能:把快速傅里叶变换的DC组件移到光谱中心.
语法:
B = fftshift(A)
举例
B = fftn(A);
C = fftshift(B);
相关命令:
fft2, fftn, ifftshift
31.filter2
功能:进行二维线性过滤操作.
语法:
B = filter2(h,A)
B = filter2(h,A,shape)
举例
A = magic(6)
A =
35 1 6 26 19 24
3 32 7 21 23 25
31 9 2 22 27 20
8 28 33 17 10 15
30 5 34 12 14 16
4 36 29 13 18 11
h = fspecial('sobel')
h =
1 2 1
0 0 0
-1 -2 -1
B = filter2(h,A,'valid')
B =
-8 4 4 -8
-23 -44 -5 40
-23 -50 1 40
-8 4 4 -8
相关命令:
conv2, roifilt2
32.freqspace
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 335
功能:确定二维频率响应的频率空间.
语法:
[f1,f2] = freqspace(n)
[f1,f2] = freqspace([m n])
[x1,y1] = freqspace(...,'meshgrid')
f = freqspace(N)
f = freqspace(N,'whole')
相关命令:
fsamp2, fwind1, fwind2
33.freqz2
功能:计算二维频率响应.
语法:
[H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h,n1,n2)
[H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h,[n2 n1])
[H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h,f1,f2)
[H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h)
[...] = freqz2(h,...,[dx dy])
[...] = freqz2(h,...,dx)
freqz2(...)
举例
Hd = zeros(16,16);
Hd(5:12,5:12) = 1;
Hd(7:10,7:10) = 0;
h = fwind1(Hd,bartlett(16));
colormap(jet(64))
freqz2(h,[32 32]); axis ([-1 1 -1 1 0 1])
34.fsamp2
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 336
功能:用频率采样法设计二维FIR过滤器.
语法:
h = fsamp2(Hd)
h = fsamp2(f1,f2,Hd,[m n])
举例
[f1,f2] = freqspace(21,'meshgrid');
Hd = ones(21);
r = sqrt(f1.^2 + f2.^2);
Hd((r0.5)) = 0;
colormap(jet(64))
mesh(f1,f2,Hd)
相关命令:
conv2, filter2, freqspace, ftrans2, fwind1, fwind2
35.fspecial
功能:创建预定义过滤器.
语法:
h = fspecial(type)
h = fspecial(type,parameters)
举例
I = imread('saturn.tif');
h = fspecial('unsharp',0.5);
I2 = filter2(h,I)/255;
imshow(I)
figure, imshow(I2)
相关命令:
conv2, edge, filter2, fsamp2, fwind1, fwind2
36.ftrans2
功能:通过频率转换设计二维FIR过滤器.
语法:
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 337
h = ftrans2(b,t)
h = ftrans2(b)
举例
colormap(jet(64))
b = remez(10,[0 0.05 0.15 0.55 0.65 1],[0 0 1 1 0 0]);
[H,w] = freqz(b,1,128,'whole');
plot(w/pi-1,fftshift(abs(H)))
相关命令:
conv2, filter2, fsamp2, fwind1, fwind2
37.fwind1
功能:用一维窗口方法设计二维FIR过滤器.
语法:
h = fwind1(Hd,win)
h = fwind1(Hd,win1,win2)
h = fwind1(f1,f2,Hd,...)
举例
[f1,f2] = freqspace(21,'meshgrid');
Hd = ones(21);
r = sqrt(f1.^2 + f2.^2);
Hd((r0.5)) = 0;
colormap(jet(64))
mesh(f1,f2,Hd)
相关命令:
conv2, filter2, fsamp2, freqspace, ftrans2, fwind2
38.fwind2
功能:用二维窗口方法设计二维FIR过滤器.
语法:
h = fwind2(Hd,win)
h = fwind2(f1,f2,Hd,win)
举例
[f1,f2] = freqspace(21,'meshgrid');
Hd = ones(21);
r = sqrt(f1.^2 + f2.^2);
Hd((r0.5)) = 0;
colormap(jet(64))
mesh(f1,f2,Hd)
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 338
相关命令:
conv2, filter2, fsamp2, freqspace, ftrans2, fwind1
39.getimage
功能:从坐标轴取得图像数据.
语法:
A = getimage(h)
[x,y,A] = getimage(h)
[...,A,flag] = getimage(h)
[...] = getimage
举例
imshow rice.tif
I = getimage;
40.gray2ind
功能:转换灰度图像为索引图像.
语法:
[X,map] = gray2ind(I,n)
相关命令:
ind2gray
41.grayslice
功能:从灰度图像创建索引图像.
语法:
X = grayslice(I,n)
X = grayslice(I,v)
举例
I = imread('ngc4024m.tif');
X = grayslice(I,16);
imshow(I)
figure, imshow(X,jet(16))
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 339
相关命令:
gray2ind
42.histeq
功能:用柱状图均等化增强对比.
语法:
J = histeq(I,hgram)
J = histeq(I,n)
[J,T] = histeq(I,...)
举例
I = imread('tire.tif');
J = histeq(I);
imshow(I)
figure, imshow(J)
imhist(I,64)
figure; imhist(J,64)
相关命令:
brighten, imadjust, imhist
43.hsv2rgb
功能: 转换HSV值为RGB颜色空间.
语法:
rgbmap = hsv2rgb(hsvmap)
RGB = hsv2rgb(HSV)
相关命令:
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 340
rgb2hsv, rgbplot
44.idct2
功能:计算二维离散反余弦变换.
语法:
B = idct2(A)
B = idct2(A,m,n)
B = idct2(A,[m n])
相关命令:
dct2, dctmtx, fft2, ifft2
45.ifft2
功能:计算二维快速傅里叶反变换.
语法:
B = ifft2(A)
B = ifft2(A,m,n)
相关命令:
fft2, fftshift, idct2
46.ifftn
功能: 计算n维快速傅里叶反变换.
语法:
B = ifftn(A)
B = ifftn(A,siz)
相关命令:
fft2, fftn, ifft2
47.sim2bw
功能:转换图像为二进制图像.
语法:
BW = im2bw(I,level)
BW = im2bw(X,map,level)
BW = im2bw(RGB,level)
举例
load trees
BW = im2bw(X,map,0.4);
imshow(X,map)
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 341
figure, imshow(BW)
相关命令:
ind2gray, rgb2gray
48.im2col
功能:重调图像块为列.
语法:
B = im2col(A,[m n],block_type)
B = im2col(A,[m n])
B = im2col(A,'indexed',...)
相关命令:
blkproc, col2im, colfilt, nlfilter
49.im2double
功能:转换图像矩阵为双精度型.