python中copytree的用法_Python shutil.copytree()用法及代码示例

Shutil模块Python提供了许多对文件和文件集合进行高级操作的功能。它属于Python的标准实用程序模块。此模块有助于自动执行文件和目录的复制和删除过程。

shutil.copytree()方法以递归方式将以源(src)为根的整个目录树复制到目标目录。由(dst)命名的目标目录必须不存在。它将在复制期间创建。使用copystat()复制目录的权限和时间，并使用shutil.copy2()复制单个文件。

用法： shutil.copytree(src, dst, symlinks = False, ignore = None, copy_function = copy2, igonre_dangling_symlinks = False)

参数：

src: A string representing the path of the source directory.

dest: A string representing the path of the destination.

symlinks (optional):This parameter accepts True or False, depending on which the metadata of the original links or linked links will be copied to the new tree.

ignore (optional):If ignore is given, it must be a callable that will receive as its arguments the directory being visited by copytree(), and a list of its contents, as returned by os.listdir().

copy_function(optional):The default value of this parameter is copy2. We can use other copy function like copy() for this parameter.

igonre_dangling_symlinks (optional):This parameter value when set to True is used to put a silence on the exception raised if the file pointed by the symlink doesn’t exist.

返回值： This method returns a string which represents the path of newly created directory.

范例1：

使用shutil.copytree()将文件从源复制到目标的方法

# Python program to explain shutil.copytree() method

# importing os module

import os

# importing shutil module

import shutil

# path

path = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks'

# List files and directories

# in 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks'

print("Before copying file:")

print(os.listdir(path))

# Source path

src = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks / source'

# Destination path

dest = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks / destination'

# Copy the content of

# source to destination

destination = shutil.copytree(src, dest)

# List files and directories

# in "C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks"

print("After copying file:")

print(os.listdir(path))

# Print path of newly

# created file

print("Destination path:", destination)

输出：

Before copying file:

['source']

After copying file:

['destination', 'source']

Destination path:C:/Users/Rajnish/Desktop/GeeksforGeeks/destination

范例2：

使用shutil.copytree()使用复制文件的方法shutil.copy()方法。

# Python program to explain shutil.copytree() method

# importing os module

import os

# importing shutil module

import shutil

# path

path = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks'

# List files and directories

# in 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks'

print("Before copying file:")

print(os.listdir(path))

# Source path

src = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks / source'

# Destination path

dest = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks / destination'

# Copy the content of

# source to destination

# using shutil.copy() as parameter

destination = shutil.copytree(src, dest, copy_function = shutil.copy)

# List files and directories

# in "C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks"

print("After copying file:")

print(os.listdir(path))

# Print path of newly

# created file

print("Destination path:", destination)

输出：

Before copying file:

['source']

After copying file:

['destination', 'source']

Destination path:C:/Users/Rajnish/Desktop/GeeksforGeeks/destination